2024 Volume 33 Pages 144-153
Xuan Thuy National Park (XTNP) is a Ramsar site and provides valuable habitat for endangered species. These days, land use has been changing, and intensive shrimp farming is increasing. Since the microorganism ecosystem is the basis of the mangrove ecosystem in XTNP, the impact of intensive shrimp farming on microorganism ecosystems in XTNP was investigated. Environmental factors, phytoplankton and zooplankton species composition, and alpha diversity of phytoplankton were examined. Salinity, conductivity, and nutrient concentrations were significantly different, and average concentrations of nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate were higher in the intensive shrimp pond than those in other sampling sites. Alpha diversity of phytoplankton was significantly correlated with salinity, conductivity, and phosphate. The average abundance in Rotifera was also 11.8-62.9 times higher than those in other sampling sites. The results of the multiple regression analysis indicated that salinity and phosphate were significantly affected by the alpha diversity of phytoplankton. The microorganism ecosystems in intensive shrimp ponds already altered and the nutrient concentration in this area was among the lowest in Vietnamese water quality standards. Thus, wastewater treatment should be improved for the conservation of the mangrove ecosystem.
