DECOMPOSITON AND FUSION OF MENTAL IMAGES IN THE POST-HYPNOTIC HALLUCINATORY STATE THE INFLUENCE OF PERCEPTION ON MENTAL IMAGE

G. NARUSE; T. OBONAI

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.1954.21

DECOMPOSITON AND FUSION OF MENTAL IMAGES IN THE POST-HYPNOTIC HALLUCINATORY STATE

THE INFLUENCE OF PERCEPTION ON MENTAL IMAGE

G. NARUSE, T. OBONAI

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1954 Volume 1954 Issue 1 Pages 21-33

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.1954.21

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Published: 1954 Received: December 20, 1953 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : It has been demonstrated experimentally that the position, form, and clearness of hallucinatory image in the posthypnotic hallucinatory state is influenced by perceptual stimulus. The main results of the studies can be summarized as follows:
1) A perceptual stimulus exerts an “attractive force”, on a hallucinatory image, displacing the latter toward it from its original position. The larger the distance between the hallucinatory image and the perceptual stimulus, the smaller the “attractive effect” and vice versa.
2) The clearness of the hallucinatory image is affected by the perceptual stimulus in two ways which may be described as the “obscuring effect” andthe “inducing effect”.
3) The “obscuring effect” of the perceptual stimulus produces a vague, unstable, hallucinatory image, or may cause disappearance of the image; the strength of their effect increases as the distance between the hallucinatary image and perceptual stimulus decreases. The effect is more notable when the forms of both images are alike. The effect is strengthened with rapt attention on the perceptual stimulus.
4) Subjects that fail to see an image when off-P-observation is utilized observe the hallucinatory image when on-P-observation is employed due to the “inducing effect” of the perceptual stimulus. This result occured only with subjects belonging to the socalled “induced”, group but not in members of the clear or vague group.
5) The “atractive”, “obscuring” and “inducing”, effects of the perceptual image showed equal distribution among all the various stimulus configurations employed in the studies. The above facts are especially evident in the experiments employing parallel lines and angle lines as stimuli where the distance between the hallucinatory image and the perceptual stimulus was varied by degrees.
6) When a compound image, composed of two elemental forms, is projected beside a perceptual stimulus having the same form as one of the elements of the compound, there is a tendency for the identical element to disappear in the image. This tendency is another example of the aforementioned “obscuring effect”.
7) The more obcure the hallucinatory image, the more marked the above effects of the perception upon the hallucinatory image becomes, and vice versa. Subjects having the clearest image are minimally affected by the perception.
8) The “hierarchy hypothesis” was suggested as an interpretation of the above findings.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : 1) Banchen A.; A new auditory-visu al synesthesis. Acta. Psychol. 1949. 6, 363-364.
2) Leuba C.; Images as conditioned sensations. J. exp. Psychol. 1940, 20, 345-351.
3) Leuba C.; The use of hypnosis for controlling variables in psychological experiments. J. abnorm. soc. Psychol. 1941, 36, 271-274.
4) Naruse G. & Obonai T.; Decompo sition and fusion of mental images in a drowsy and a post-hypnotic hallucinatory state. (with English abstract). Jap. J. Psychol. 1952, 22, 175-188.
5) Naruse G. & Obonai T.; Decom position and fusion of mental images in a post-hypnotic hallucinatory state (II)………… Mecanism of image com posing activity……… (with English abstract). Jap. J. Psychol. 1953, 25, 203-217.
6) Naruse G. & Obonai T.; Decompo sition and fusion of mental images in the drowsy and the post hynotic hallucinatory state. J. clinic. exp. Hypnosis. 1953. 1, No. 1. 23-41.
7) Obonai, T., Visual Perception. In “Shinrigaku Koza” (Hand book of psycho logy), 1953, Nakayama, Tokyo.
8) Obonai. T.: Memory image In Psy chology and Culture. 1949. Sekaisha, Tokyo. An additional note: The authors are indebted to Dr. Will iam J. Griffiths Jr., visiting professor of psychology, for reading this manuscri pt and making kind suggestions relative to English phraseology.

Right : 1) Banchen A.; A new auditory-visual synesthesis. Acta. Psychol. 1949. 6, 363-364.
2) Leuba C.; Images as conditioned sensations. J. exp. Psychol. 1940, 20, 345-351.
3) Leuba C.; The use of hypnosis for controlling variables in psychological experiments. J. abnorm. soc. Psychol. 1941, 36, 271-274.
4) Naruse G. & Obonai T.; Decomposition and fusion of mental images in a drowsy and a post-hypnotic hallucinatory state. (with English abstract). Jap. J. Psychol. 1952, 22, 175-188.
5) Naruse G. & Obonai T.; Decomposition and fusion of mental images in a post-hypnotic hallucinatory state (II)…………Mecanism of image composing activity……(with English abstract). Jap. J. Psychol. 1953, 25, 203-217.
6) Naruse G. & Obonai T.; Decomposition and fusion of mental images in the drowsy and the post hynotic hallucinatory state. J. clinic. exp. Hypnosis. 1953. 1, No.1. 23-41.
7) Obonai, T.; Visual Perception. In “Shinrigaku Koza” (Hand book of psychology), 1953, Nakayama, Tokyo.
8) Obonai. T. Memory image In Psychology and Culture. 1949. Sekaisha, Tokyo.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : 1) Banchen A.; A new auditory-visual synesthesis. Acta. Psychol. 1949. 6, 363-364.
2) Leuba C.; Images as conditioned sensations. J. exp. Psychol. 1940, 20, 345-351.
3) Leuba C.; The use of hypnosis for controlling variables in psychological experiments. J. abnorm. soc. Psychol. 1941, 36, 271-274.
4) Naruse G. & Obonai T.; Decomposition and fusion of mental images in a drowsy and a post-hypnotic hallucinatory state. (with English abstract). Jap. J. Psychol. 1952, 22, 175-188.
5) Naruse G. & Obonai T.; Decomposition and fusion of mental images in a post-hypnotic hallucinatory state (II)…………Mecanism of image composing activity……(with English abstract). Jap. J. Psychol. 1953, 25, 203-217.
6) Naruse G. & Obonai T.; Decomposition and fusion of mental images in the drowsy and the post hynotic hallucinatory state. J. clinic. exp. Hypnosis. 1953. 1, No.1. 23-41.
7) Obonai, T.; Visual Perception. In “Shinrigaku Koza” (Hand book of psychology), 1953, Nakayama, Tokyo.
8) Obonai. T. Memory image In Psychology and Culture. 1949. Sekaisha, Tokyo.

Right : 1) Banchen A.; A new auditory-visual synesthesis. Acta. Psychol. 1949. 6, 363-364.
2) Leuba C.; Images as conditioned sensations. J. exp. Psychol. 1940, 20, 345-351.
3) Leuba C.; The use of hypnosis for controlling variables in psychological experiments. J. abnorm. soc. Psychol. 1941, 36, 271-274.
4) Naruse G.& Obonai T.; Decomposition and fusion of mental images in a drowsy and a post-hypnotic hallucinatory state.(with English abstract). Jap. J. Psychol. 1952, 22, 175-188.
5) Naruse G.& Obonai T.; Decomposition and fusion of mental images in a post-hypnotic hallucinatory state (II).…Mecanism of image composing activity. …(with English abstract). Jap. J. Psychol. 1953, 25, 203-217.
6) Naruse G.& Obonai T.; Decomposition and fusion of mental images in the drowsy and the post hynotic hallucinatory state. J. clinic. exp. Hypnosis. 1953. 1, No.1.23-41.
7) Obonai, T.; Visual Perception. In “Shinrigaku Koza”(Hand book of psychology), 1953, Nakayama, Tokyo.
8) Obonai. T. Memory image In Psychology and Culture. 1949. Sekaisha, Tokyo.

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