THE EFFECTS OF RELATIVE ORIENTATION OF SURROUNDING GRATINGS ON BINOCULAR RIVALRY AND APPARENT BRIGHTNESS OF CENTRAL GRATINGS

SHIGERU ICHIHARA; KEN GORYO

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.20.159

SHIGERU ICHIHARA, KEN GORYO

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1978 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 159-166

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.20.159

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Published: March 30, 1979 Received: July 07, 1978 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : To find the effects of relative orientation of surrounding gratings on visibility (dominance) of central gratings in binocular rivalry and on apparent brightness of central gratings, we examined how the visibility (Exp. I, II) and the apparent brightness (Exp. III) would be changed as the function of the angle (θ), or orientation difference, between the central and the surrounding gratings. The results indicated that similar effects were found in the binocular rivalry experiments and in the apparent brightness experiment: Both the dominance time of the central grating in binocular rivalry and the apparent brightness of it were mínimum at 20° in θ, and they increased as θ increased or decreased from 20°. These results were explained by the hypothesis of mutual inhibition between orientation detectors.
Right : To find the effects of relative orientation of surrounding gratings on visibility (dominance) of central gratings in binocular rivalry and on apparent brightness of central gratings, we examined how the visibility (Exp. I, II) and the apparent brightness (Exp. III) would be changed as the function of the angle (θ), or orientation difference, between the central and the surrounding gratings. The results indicated that similar effects were found in the binocular rivalry experiments and in the apparent brightness experiment: Both the dominance time of the central grating in binocular rivalry and the apparent brightness of it were minimum at 20° in θ, and they increased as θ increased or decreased from 20°. These results were explained by the hypothesis of mutual inhibition between orientation detectors.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : ANSTIS, S. M. 1975 What does visual perception tell us about visual coding. In M. S. Gazzaniga & C. Blakemore (Eds.), Handbook of psychology. Chap. 9, Pp. 269-323. New York: Academic Press.
BLAKE, R., & Fox, R. 1974 Binocular rivalry suppression: Insensitive to spatial frequency and orientation change. Vision Research, 14, 687-692.
BLAKEMORE, C., CARPENTER, R.H.S., & GEORGE- SON, M. A. 1970 Lateral inhibition between orientation detectors in the human visual system. Nature, 228, 37-39.
BLAKEMORE, C., & TOBIN, E. A. 1972 Lateral inhibition between orientation detectors in the cat's visual cortex. Experimental Brain Research, 15,439-440.
CARPENTER, R. H. S., & BLAKEMORE, C. 1973 Interactions between orientations in human vision. Experimental Brain Research, 18, 287- 303.
GEORGESON, M. A. 1973 Spatial frequency selectivity of a visual tilt illusion. Nature, 245, 43-45.
NAKAYA, S. 1970 A modified method of Scheffé's paired comparison method. The 11th con- ference on Sensory Institution. (In Japanese)
OVER, R., BROERSE, J., CRASSINI, B., & LOVEGROVE, W. 1973 Orientation specific aftereffects and illusions in the perception of brightness. Perception & Psychophysics, 15, 53-56.
RAO, V. M. 1977 Tilt illusion during binocular rivalry. Vision Research, 17, 327-328.
TOLHURST, D. J., & THOMPSON, P. G. 1975 Orientation illusions and after-effects: Inhibition between channels. Vision Research, 15, 967-972.
WADE, N. J. 1974 The effect of orientation in binocular contour rivalry of real images and afterimages. Perception & Psychophysics, 15, 227-232.

Right : ANSTIS, S. M. 1975 What does visual perception tell us about visual coding. In M. S. Gazzaniga & C. Blakemore (Eds.), Handbook of psychology. Chap. 9, Pp.269-323. New York: Academic Press.
BLAKE, R., & Fox, R. 1974 Binocular rivalry suppression: Insensitive to spatial frequency and orientation change. Vision Research, 14, 687-692.
BLAKEMORE, C., CARPENTER, R. H. S., & GEORGESON, M. A. 1970 Lateral inhibition between orientation detectors in the human visual system. Nature, 228, 37-39.
BLAKEMORE, C., & TOBIN, E. A. 1972 Lateral inhibition between orientation detectors in the cat's visual cortex. Experimental Brain Research, 15, 439-440.
CARPENTER, R.H.S., & BLAKEMORE, C. 1973 Interactions between orientations in human vision. Experimental Brain Research, 18, 287-303.
GEOROESON, M. A. 1973 Spatial frequency selectivity of a visual tilt illusion. Nature, 245, 43-45.
NAKAYA, S. 1970 A modified method of Schcffe's paired comparison method. The 11th conference on Sensory Institution.(In Japanese)
OVER, R., BROERSE, J., CRASSINI, B., & LOVEGROVE, W. 1973 Orientation specific aftereffects and illusions in the perception of brightness. Perception Psychophysics, 15, 53-56.
RAO, V. M. 1977 Tilt illusion during binocular rivalry. Vision Research, 17, 327-328.
TOLHURST, D.J., & THOMPSON, P. G. 1975 Orientation illusions and after-effects: Inhibition between channels. Vision Research, 15, 967-972.
WADE, N. J. 1974 The effect of orientation in binocular contour rivalry of real images and afterimages. Perception Psychophysics, 15, 227-232.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : ANSTIS, S. M. 1975 What does visual perception tell us about visual coding. In M. S. Gazzaniga & C. Blakemore (Eds.), Handbook of psychology. Chap. 9, Pp.269-323. New York: Academic Press.
BLAKE, R., & Fox, R. 1974 Binocular rivalry suppression: Insensitive to spatial frequency and orientation change. Vision Research, 14, 687-692.
BLAKEMORE, C., CARPENTER, R. H. S., & GEORGESON, M. A. 1970 Lateral inhibition between orientation detectors in the human visual system. Nature, 228, 37-39.
BLAKEMORE, C., & TOBIN, E. A. 1972 Lateral inhibition between orientation detectors in the cat's visual cortex. Experimental Brain Research, 15, 439-440.
CARPENTER, R.H.S., & BLAKEMORE, C. 1973 Interactions between orientations in human vision. Experimental Brain Research, 18, 287-303.
GEOROESON, M. A. 1973 Spatial frequency selectivity of a visual tilt illusion. Nature, 245, 43-45.
NAKAYA, S. 1970 A modified method of Schcffe's paired comparison method. The 11th conference on Sensory Institution.(In Japanese)
OVER, R., BROERSE, J., CRASSINI, B., & LOVEGROVE, W. 1973 Orientation specific aftereffects and illusions in the perception of brightness. Perception Psychophysics, 15, 53-56.
RAO, V. M. 1977 Tilt illusion during binocular rivalry. Vision Research, 17, 327-328.
TOLHURST, D.J., & THOMPSON, P. G. 1975 Orientation illusions and after-effects: Inhibition between channels. Vision Research, 15, 967-972.
WADE, N. J. 1974 The effect of orientation in binocular contour rivalry of real images and afterimages. Perception Psychophysics, 15, 227-232.

Right : ANSTIS, S. M. 1975 What does visual perception tell us about visual coding. In M. S. Gazzaniga & C. Blakemore (Eds.), Handbook of psychology. Chap. 9, Pp. 269-323. New York: Academic Press.
BLAKE, R., & Fox, R. 1974 Binocular rivalry suppression: Insensitive to spatial frequency and orientation change. Vision Research, 14, 687-692.
BLAKEMORE, C., CARPENTER, R. H. S., & GEORGESON, M. A. 1970 Lateral inhibition between orientation detectors in the human visual system. Nature, 228, 37-39.
BLAKEMORE, C., & TOBIN, E. A. 1972 Lateral inhibition between orientation detectors in the cat's visual cortex. Experimental Brain Research, 15, 439-440.
CARPENTER, R.H.S., & BLAKEMORE, C. 1973 Interactions between orientations in human vision. Experimental Brain Research, 18, 287-303.
GEORGESON, M. A. 1973 Spatial frequency selectivity of a visual tilt illusion. Nature, 245, 43-45.
NAKAYA, S. 1970 A modified method of Scheffé's paired comparison method. The 11th conference on Sensory Institution.(In Japanese)
OVER, R., BROERSE, J., CRASSINI, B., & LOVEGROVE, W. 1973 Orientation specific aftereffects and illusions in the perception of brightness. Perception Psychophysics, 15, 53-56.
RAO, V. M. 1977 Tilt illusion during binocular rivalry. Vision Research, 17, 327-328.
TOLHURST, D.J., & THOMPSON, P. G. 1975 Orientation illusions and after-effects: Inhibition between channels. Vision Research, 15, 967-972.
WADE, N. J. 1974 The effect of orientation in binocular contour rivalry of real images and afterimages. Perception Psychophysics, 15, 227-232.

Abstract

To find the effects of relative orientation of surrounding gratings on visibility (dominance) of central gratings in binocular rivalry and on apparent brightness of central gratings, we examined how the visibility (Exp. I, II) and the apparent brightness (Exp. III) would be changed as the function of the angle (θ), or orientation difference, between the central and the surrounding gratings. The results indicated that similar effects were found in the binocular rivalry experiments and in the apparent brightness experiment: Both the dominance time of the central grating in binocular rivalry and the apparent brightness of it were minimum at 20° in θ, and they increased as θ increased or decreased from 20°. These results were explained by the hypothesis of mutual inhibition between orientation detectors.

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