Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise in Korea

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Objectives: This study aimed to systematically review exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs implemented in South Korea since their inclusion in the National Health Insurance System in 2017. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using international and Korean databases for studies published after January 2017. The inclusion criterion was exercise-based CR intervention in patients with cardiac disease in South Korea. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. Results: A total of 11 studies met our inclusion criteria. Most CR programs are hospital-based, whereas some incorporate home-based, aquatic, or forest environments. The exercise prescriptions followed the FITT (frequency, intensity, time, and type) principle and often included aerobic and high-intensity interval training. The reported outcomes included improvements in cardiopulmonary fitness, physical activity, and psychological well-being. Despite their clinical effectiveness, participation in CR programs remains low in Korea owing to accessibility and institutional limitations. Conclusions: Exercise-based CR programs in Korea demonstrated clinical benefits and diversified delivery models. Further efforts are required to enhance accessibility and promote wider adoption through policy and infrastructure development.