2023 Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages 25-36
The development of high-precision dose calculation techniques for the radiotherapy of tumors has enabled treatment with fewer side effects in normal tissues. However, a crucial problem remains wherein some cancer cells may acquire radioresistance or cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics and cause recurrence and metastasis. The acquisition of these phenotypes is associated with complex molecular signaling and biological processes that remain unclear. In addition, these phenotypes are originally inherent within the tumor and are induced by external factors such as radiation. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying radiosensitization and how these phenotypes are acquired is essential for improving radiotherapy outcomes. This review outlines the current findings on the association of radiotherapy with CSC induction, signaling pathways and radioresistance processes, as well as therapeutic strategies aimed at the radiosensitization of these phenotypes.
