Abstract
The smart grid, as the core of future energy systems, significantly enhances the efficiency, reliability, and flexibility of power systems by integrating advanced information and communication technologies. This paper provides a comprehensive discussion on the development directions of smart grids, focusing on several key areas. First, optimizing the integration and management of renewable energy, particularly the management of distributed energy and the development of efficient energy storage systems to address the intermittency of supply. Second, applying advanced data analytics and artificial intelligence technologies, utilizing big data and machine learning to optimize power demand forecasting and fault detection. Third, enhancing cybersecurity by researching measures to prevent cyberattacks and data breaches, as well as exploring the application of blockchain technology in power trading and data protection. Additionally, the interconnection of electric vehicles with the grid is discussed, including vehicle-to-grid interaction technologies and the optimization of smart charging systems. Lastly, the paper introduces methods to enhance grid resilience and self-healing capabilities, enabling the grid to self-repair and rapidly recover from faults and natural disasters. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on smart grid development, assisting related industries and policymakers in understanding future trends and challenges.
