Discovering Methods of Citizen Participation and Types of Citizen Involvement in the Maintenance and Utilization of Earthquake Ruins from the Great East Japan Earthquake

Abstract

This study investigated the actual state of citizen participation in the maintenance and utilization of earthquake ruins from the Great East Japan Earthquake. Over 300 data points were collected, and 49 cases of citizen participation were summarized. Various methods of citizen participation were identified and categorized, leading to a discussion on the types of citizen involvement. The study classified citizen involvement into three types: "citizen participation accepted by citizens," "citizen participation initiated by citizens," and "citizen participation undertaken by citizens." In conclusion, the study emphasized the importance of planning citizen participation with qualitative considerations, focusing not only on the methods and frequency of participation but also on whether the approach fosters citizen-initiated efforts and builds collaborative relationships.