The purpose of this paper is to clarify the usage of former military land and buildings by national universities in Kinki region. Some schools damaged in air raids used former military facilities as replacements. They returned to their original campuses or moved to new campuses under the new educational system. In the case of schools that used former military sites as independent campuses or campuses for new universities, those campuses were abolished due to consolidating some campuses into one location under the new educational system. In this way, there were cases where the use of former military facilities was only temporary. On the other hand, in the case of schools that used former military sites as campuses for new department and research institutes or for consolidation and relocation under the new educational system, those former military sites are still used as university campuses today.

The purpose of this paper is to clarify insight into the promotion of canal cruises for locals by identifying the achievements of canal cruises, the preparation in advance, work on the day, and the methods of ticket sales and public relations that are being improved. As a result, in a population growth area such as Toyosu, canal cruises for locals can be promoted by; 1) having the host organization aim to form the local community, 2) getting trust of the community by building a track record, 3) using efficient and continuable methods through IT, and 4) adding value.

The government of Japan has declared that Japan would be zero carbon by 2050. To tackle this target, it is important to promote energy efficiency in all the sectors including housing. According to the research of CO₂ emissions from households, about a quarter of emissions are discharged from automobiles. Not only the transport sector, but combination with the housing sector should work to reduce carbon. The government of Japan promotes to do electricity integration for decarbonization. A rate of zero carbon units of the single housing is much higher than the one of multiple housing. The purpose of this study is to clarify how housing estates can achieve decarbonization under the collaboration of neighboring areas. From the analysis, energy efficiency of buildings and electricity integration with neighboring areas are effective for decarbonization of housing estates.

In recent years, the Japanese government has been promoting the development of energy centers in the construction of energy networks to reduce CO2 emissions. On the other hand, the amount of renewable energy in urban areas is low, making it difficult to achieve decarbonization through onsite environmental measures alone, and there is a need to develop measures in conjunction with offsite environmental measures. The purpose of this study is to clarify how to develop decarbonization measures in conjunction with the construction of energy networks that utilize public space. As a result, it was found that the introduction of off-site measures such as renewable electricity supply in collaboration with other regions and the expansion of support for environmental measures such as subsidies are important to achieve decarbonization in conjunction with the construction of energy networks utilizing public space.

In this study, we defined 'comfort' as a state in which the individual's emotions are positively influenced. Using the results of a survey conducted in central Tokyo, we investigated specific aspects of how visitors perceive the comfort of urban green spaces. The aim was to provide information for discussing the future of urban green spaces.The conclusion revealed that when comfort is defined as a state where the individual's emotions are positively influenced, the 'richness of greenery' is a prerequisite. Additionally, elements of spatial quality, which fall under the 'feeling' category of sensory evaluation, may significantly impact comfort. Furthermore, the inclusion of elements from the 'spending time' and 'connecting' categories could further enhance comfort.

In this report, among the various approaches to object detection, I focus on semantic segmentation, which enables object detection on a pixel-by-pixel basis.Specifically, by using YOLOv8 as an example, I clarify whether image analysis techniques that use low-code programming can be fully understood and utilized even by non-experts. The purpose of this study was to clarify the path to the social implementation of object detection in landscape urban development, as well as to examine various points to note in image analysis and identify issues that may arise in future implementation.I was able to fine-tune three pretrained YOLOv8 models and verify both the accuracy of their additional training and their ease of use in the implementation procedure for object detection. Because of space constraints, this report omits the fine-tuning of detailed object detection, but I found that approximately 9 h of additional learning helped significantly to improve the accuracy of detection of landscape elements.However, it also became clear that there are still many hurdles to overcome before object detection can be easily implemented and established as a mature analytical method. In future investigations, I plan to continue reviewing further related research on object detection and to seek ways to refine and simplify image analysis methods that will contribute to landscape urban planning.

Annual consumption of sake and the number of production licenses are on the decline. This could cause a loss of regional characteristics of sake breweries (Sakagura). On the other hand, the movement of utilizing sake brewery architectures as tourism destinations can been seen in recent years, leading to the revitalization of the region. Accordingly, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive survey to clarify the status of remaining breweries in Japan and the actual conditions of utilization of sake brewery architectures. In the previous studies, we conducted surveys of Niigata prefecture and so on. In this paper, we will reveal similar themes about Yamagata prefecture referring to previous studies.

With the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by the United Nations, the central government of Japan has been promoting SDGs through public-private partnerships. However, challenges include a lack of indicators and evaluation methods for district-based initiatives and limited data availability. To address small-scale data acquisition, such as at the district level, the central government is promoting smart city development. This study aims to clarify how smart cities can contribute to the quantitative evaluation of SDGs achievement at the district level. Results indicate that setting two types of evaluation indicators can clarify project results, effects, and efforts for improvement. Smart city projects can expand the range of indicators for evaluation.

The annual consumption of sake and the number of licensed　places to manufacture sake are on the decline, and the local character of sake breweries may be lost. On the other hand, in recent years, there has been a movement to utilize sake brewery buildings as tourist attractions, leading to the revitalization of the region. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively　understand the situation of remaining sake breweries and the actual utilization of sake brewery architecture throughout Japan. In previous studies, surveys have been conducted in Niigata and other prefectures. In this paper, we will conduct a similar study in Akita Prefecture, drawing on previous research.

This research aims to investigate the factors behind the establishment of each station along the railway line and clarify changes in station characteristics during subsequent changes in the urban area around the station, thereby obtaining knowledge for promoting future use of railways. First, for the 41 stations on the Nankai Line from Namba Station to Wakayama City Station, we investigated the opening times of the stations and their surrounding areas and categorized them according to their characteristics. Next, we investigated the land use situation within a 500-meter radius within walking distance of the current station, investigated the land use characteristics around the current station, and classified them into five categories. In the end, we compared the characteristics of the station at the time of its opening and the present, categorized the changes, and clarified the trends in the changes in station characteristics. As a result, when the station opened, the entire line had a variety of local industries as well as tourist and recreational areas. However, today, the industrial structure and land use around stations have changed, and the main industry of stations that were once industrial development areas has shifted to coastal industry, and there are many stations whose land use has changed from tourist and recreational areas to industrial areas and then residential areas.

In urban sociology, research into the socio-spatial structure of cities has mainly focused on metropolitan areas. This analysis aimed to capture the changes in the socio-spatial structure of local cities. Analysis of regional data confirmed a spatial structure in which areas with a large white-collar population, areas with a large gray-collar population, and areas with a large number of primary industry workers are located from the core area of the city to its periphery. These areas with a large white-collar population were spread out along transportation networks, but it was also pointed out that in an era of population decline, this characteristic of having a large white-collar population may be latent.

In Japan, politicians have promoted infrastructure development in rural areas in order to revitalize the local economy. In this analysis, we examined the impact of the opening of highways on local communities from the perspective of demographics. Using regional grid data, we plotted demographics in areas surrounding highways. As a result, we found that areas surrounding highways have seen an influx of population and a suppression of the trend toward population decline compared to other areas. However, this trend was not uniformly confirmed in all areas, and we also confirmed that there were differences between areas.

This study focuses on rural area development in the Yunotsu Important Preservation District for Groups of Traditional Buildings, where private companies are actively repurposing vacant houses. It examines the ripple effects of converting these spaces into accommodations and restaurants in the surrounding area. The findings show that these efforts have led to the emergence of accommodation types similar to "dispersed hotels" and the diversification of tourism styles utilizing local resources. Additionally, through support from private companies and understanding from local residents, strong relationships have been built among stakeholders, contributing to regional revitalization. The study emphasizes the importance of establishing a long-term, collaborative policy among private companies, local residents, immigrants, and the government to ensure sustainable development and further revitalization of the area.

With the promotion of compact cities, the utilization of environmentally friendly railway transportation has become increasingly important. However, studies on the relationship between urban population agglomeration and railway networks remain insufficient. This study aims to analyze population agglomeration trends and their integration with railway network development. By incorporating the travel time reduction effect of railway networks into Moran's I index, we measured urban agglomeration in global and Japanese metropolitan areas. Additionally, we calculated the integration and reduction indices to assess the relationship between urban structure and railway networks, classifying cities based on these indicators. The results indicate that population decentralization is progressing in many cities and that the development of railway networks has a significant impact on population agglomeration.

This study aims to clarify how the “lattice,” one of the design elements of traditional residential architecture, is currently being used in building facades. The study area is the historical preservation zone of Kyoto City, focusing on the northeastern section of the “Tanoji District,” a commercial area. Currently, there is no legal or regulatory obligation in Kyoto City to install lattices. The survey results revealed that the rate of lattice installation among the buildings in the area is 32.2%, and among these, 42.3% are used in the same manner as those found in traditional residential designs. On the other hand, it was also confirmed that the design of lattices has diversified. In addition, a questionnaire survey of shop owners found that approximately 60% believe that lattices are important for creating a “Kyoto-like streetscape,” and they have installed them voluntarily.

This study aims to clarify the current situation of resident participation in community transportation in municipalities in Nagasaki Prefecture. We first grasped the overall trend of resident participation in Nagasaki Prefecture and then conducted case studies. As a result, it was found that many municipalities in Nagasaki Prefecture are taking measures in response to demand and raising awareness, while only a few are considering operation and management led by residents or financial commitments. In addition, the case studies revealed that statutory organizations play a major role, and that there are limitations to reflecting resident opinions in areas related to coexistence with existing public transportation.

This study aims to clarify the current situation and role of intermediary support toward a multicultural society in municipalities in Nagasaki Prefecture. After summarizing the barriers that foreigners face, a hearing survey was conducted with intermediary support organizations in Nagasaki Prefecture. The study found that the form of support was tailored to the characteristics of the area of activity and the targets of support. It also found that there are multi-layered relationships between each organization. It also pointed out that support that incorporates the perspective of "machizukuri" plays a role in connecting not only Japanese and foreigners, but also local communities and foreigners, and is important in aiming for a multicultural society.

Studies of early modern towns in Japan have been conducted to grasp their history and culture. However, there are fewer studies on early modern port towns compared to castle towns. While it seems that there were early modern port towns with characteristic urban morphology in the coastal area of the Seto Inland Sea located on Honshu, where trade has been conducted since the Middle Ages, the fact of those urban morphology is not clear. The purpose of this study is to uncover formation process and urban morphology of early modern port towns mainly on the coastal area of the Seto Inland Sea located on Honshu. As a result of the analysis, there is a tendency that the early modern port towns faced both the sea and the river, and on the other hand, the landing places were oriented only toward the river.

In recent years, the number of microbreweries has been steadily increasing in Japan under legal reforms and various social conditions. The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual situation of cooperation and relationships between microbreweries and various local entities and organizations. The target population consisted of 10 microbreweries located in different parts of the country, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with their staff.The results showed that each microbrewery builds relationships with producers, businesses, other breweries, government and other organizations, and residents and community organizations through a variety of activities. In addition, microbreweries were found to collaborate with multiple entities and organizations in four of their activities: event organization, beer brewing, hop cultivation, and cooperation in the establishment of microbreweries

Recently, the need for the preservation and utilization of urban farmland has been emphasized. From the perspective of urban planning, it is essential to actively incorporate urban farmland into the city's layout. This study focuses on Nagoya City's Nakagawa Ward, aiming to clarify the conditions for the continuation or disappearance of urban farmland remaining after the completion of land readjustment projects. The indicators used include the scale of farmland plots (farmland area), the number of roads adjacent to the plots, the width of adjacent streets, and the zoning in which the farmland is located. As a result, it was found that compared to other indicators, the farmland area was relatively clearly identified as a condition for continuation, with vegetable fields ranging from 50㎡ to 300㎡ and paddy fields ranging from 300㎡ to 650㎡.These suggestions imply that when considering the positioning of farmland within urban areas, it is preferable to examine and evaluate the differences between paddy fields and vegetable fields in terms of preservation and utilization."

The roof ridge direction of Machiya(traditional Japanese townhouses)may vary from one settlement to another, and furthermore, there is a tendency for number of Machiya houses to decrease year by year. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of Machiya clusters in each region. This study aims to elucidate the remaining overview of Machiya and the distribution of roof ridge orientation and exterior characteristics in Tokyo, Kanagawa and Nagano prefectures as part of a nationwide survey. Through investigation, it is found that the distribution of Machiya in Tokyo, Kanagawa and Nagano is mainly Yokoya.

This study aims to organize the issues related to temporary shelters in high-rise complex buildings in the Shibuya Station central area. The issues were categorized into the following 13 factors: (1) policy immediately after the disaster, (2) allocation of initial responders, (3) safety of evacuation routes, (4) installation of toilet, (5) indoor environment, (6) management of occupants, (7) safety related to climate conditions, (8) securing response personnel, (9) securing available space, (10) operation of stockpiled supplies, (11) toilet capacity, (12) waste disposal, and (13) management in case of staff shortages. The findings of this study highlight the difficulties in implementing countermeasures for temporary shelters specific to high-rise complex buildings. To promote effective countermeasures, in addition to evaluation and incentives, it is necessary to establish mechanisms that lower the barriers to implementation.

In promoting waterproofing of urban areas, such as the conversion of houses to higher floors, objective rationality based on cost-benefit costs and other factors is required, but the analytical methods used for this purpose are vague. In this research, a simulator for predicting the effectiveness of urban flood proofing was established, and was applied to two case areas, and the limitations of the simulator were verified. As a result, we were able to present a cost-benefit analysis method based on currently available data, but there were significant limitations due to a lack of data on the performance of flood-resistant housing, frequency of flooding, and detailed depth of flooding. In the future, it will be important to expand data through contributions from various fields and to take a cross-disciplinary and integrated approach to flood countermeasures in the area that encompasses more than a cost-benefit analysis.

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of instructional content and sentence-final expressions in disaster information on evacuation behavior, with a focus on identifying effective expressions in the context of meta-messages. A questionnaire survey was conducted among university students in Tokyo to assess their evacuation awareness towards 25 types of evacuation instructions, which are comprised of instructional content (5 types) and sentence-final expressions (5 types). The survey utilized a 5-point scale to evaluate participants' perceptions. The results indicated that instructional content, such as "take action to save your life," "run away," and "evacuate," along with imperative and polite sentence-final expressions, exhibited a tendency to enhance evacuation awareness. However, no synergistic effect was observed in certain instances, contingent on the specific combination of instructional content and sentence-final expressions. For instance, the combination of "evacuate" with the imperative form demonstrated high effectiveness, while the combination of recommendation and request expressions exhibited reduced effectiveness. This finding indicates that a suitable combination of instructional content and sentence-final expressions is crucial for effective communication of disaster information.

In recent years, the redevelopment and utilization of parks and roads have been actively promoted. Beyond individual projects, it is essential to view the city as a whole and integrate multiple public spaces. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify methods and strategies for planning and implementing interconnected public spaces within a specific area, drawing insights from an advanced case study, QURUWA strategy from Okazaki City.As a result, the mayor, intermediary support organizations, experts, and citizens each fulfilled their roles at appropriate times, introducing fresh ideas into urban development, establishing a clear and understandable vision, and implementing public investments that served as a catalyst for private-sector projects. The utilization of suitable mechanisms and the establishment of effective systems to realize these ideas enabled the integration of the area's public spaces through both hard (infrastructure) and soft (management and utilization) measures, fostering a sense of collaboration among stakeholders. These elements proved to be key in the strategy for linking the public spaces in this region.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the role and potential of living support coordinators in community-based disaster prevention. This study analyzed interview data from living support coordinators. The outline is as follows, (1) The initiatives by living support coordinators are helpful for building relationships among residents, and this may contribute to mutual aid during disasters and provide the peace of mind of the elderly during evacuated living period. (2) By utilizing disaster prevention as a tool in their activities, living support coordinators can approach community issues that become particularly evident during disasters. (3) It is expected that living support coordinators will play a role in addressing the needs of the elderly during evacuated living period.

The purpose of this study is to classify the dense urban areas of Yokohama City, clarify the characteristics and issues of each area, and then consider highly effective development and improvement plans. This study classifies dense urban areas according to their social and physical characteristics. Categorizing produced four clusters in terms of social characteristics and five clusters in terms of physical characteristics. Each cluster has different characteristics and issues. To address each issue, it is necessary to consider a development and improvement plan appropriate for each area. It is also important for the government to intervene in areas where dense urban areas are considered unlikely to resolve naturally.

In this study, we analyzed the awareness and behavior of single households before and after the Nankai Trough Earthquake Extra Information (Megaquake Advisory) .The study revealed the following: (1) Single households tend to have poor neighborhood relations, making it difficult for them to receive information in the event of a disaster. (2) Approximately 50% of the respondents answered that they should “confirm evacuation sites and routes” and “stock up on water and food” after receiving the Nankai Trough Earthquake Extra Information (Megaquake Advisory). (3) Differences in actual preparedness were observed depending on whether an earthquake early warning was announced in residence. (4) The anxiety they feel differs depending on whether an earthquake early warning was announced in their area of residence (5) Cost (money and effort) and fading fear of earthquakes are issues when implementing preparedness.

The purpose of this study is to consider the possibility of international students becoming supporters of foreign tourists during disasters, using an emergency drill in Asakusa as an example, and think about the support system to encourage such activities. As a result, it became clear that by experiencing being a supporter in training, students had a stronger wareness of the importance of mutual assistance, and many students were interested in acting as supporters during disasters. However, it was unclear whether they would be able to play an active role immediately after a disaster, due to the lack of a specific plan. Furthermore, their Japanese language ability and length of time living in Japan influenced the types of cooperation they thought they could provide.

This paper aims to find new values in Machizukuri that respond to the changing values of society (eighth article in the series). This study focuses on the Wetland Forum's activities to conserve the wetlands of Hakata Bay in Fukuoka City, and interviews were conducted with its practitioners to identify seven new values of community development. While the natural environment of Hakata Bay has been affected by development, a rich ecosystem including rare species has been established following the changing environment. The Wetlands Forum is connecting with an international network by using the scale-up of migratory birds flying to Hakata Bay to lead them across borders, introducing children to the natural environment of the wetlands, communicating the importance of the natural environment in multiple languages, and evoking empathy, showing that nature designs us and our cities.

Improving the comfort of urban streets when vehicles are traveling is important from the perspective of improving customer satisfaction,and is also a necessary perspective for making effective use of existing social infrastructure. There have been few studies to date that have analyzed the relationship between street scenery and comfort when vehicles are traveling. In this study, the relationship between road components and comfort is analyzed and understood using quantification theory type 1. The impact of items such as “road width”,“street trees”,”buildings”,and “parking conditions” on comfort evaluation is analyzed. In order to improve the scenery of Japanese streets, old Yamate-dori and Komazawa-dori were selected as the target areas.Abbey Road was also selected in London, and Avenue de la Trocadero in Paris.

This paper analyzes the economic environment of Penglipuran Village, located on the island of Bali, Indonesia, from the perspectives of tourism and lifestyle. The village is developing into a tourist destination that promotes sustainable tourism while preserving its traditional landscape and culture. In the tourism economy, part of the entrance fee is used to manage village festivals and provide additional compensation to villagers, while the production, sale, and distribution of local products are completed within the village. On the other hand, in the lifestyle economy, villagers generate income through consumption activities in markets and employment in businesses outside of tourism. The system that does not rely too heavily on tourism and distributes tourism revenues fairly is considered to lead to sustainable tourism.

This study focused on the potential of non-statutory pavement markings as a traffic safety measure on community streets. The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual conditions such as implementation record of non-statutory pavement markings and issues that municipalities face regarding non-statutory pavement markings. The results of the questionnaire survey which targeted municipalities showed that the following key findings: first, municipalities with larger populations tend to have more implementation record of non-statutory pavement markings. Second, many municipalities are concerned about the costs of installation and maintenance, and the effectiveness. Third, consultations and explanations with local residents are conducted by neighborhood associations, nearby elementary schools, and residents along the road, in that order.

The purpose of this research is to understand the trends in the renewal of land and buildings in Futaba Town, which was affected by the nuclear accident, after the evacuation order was lifted, and to gain knowledge about the recovery of the town and settlement. From the survey of the vacant house and land bank, it was found that there is a high demand for housing and offices, but that matching is not going well. From the on-site survey of land and buildings, it was found that there is a trend of demolition and new construction of housing and industrial facilities. From the survey of settlers, it was found that the main way of life is to live in a neighboring city or town and commute to the town by car. It is pointed out that the perspective of simultaneously providing both employment and housing will be necessary for the future recovery of Futaba Town.

In Japan's rural areas, population decline is making it increasingly difficult to sustain local economies and social functions. This study focuses on food enterprises as key actors in regional revitalization and examines their roles. Food enterprises contribute to economic revitalization by utilizing local resources, developing products, and enhancing branding. Additionally, they function as facilitators of regional development by engaging related populations in local initiatives. This study analyzes nine cases from the Cabinet Office’s Regional Revitalization SDGs Public-Private Partnership Platform and Intermediary Support Organization Model Projects. The findings reveal that food enterprises integrate business profits, internal funds, and external funding sources such as subsidies and donations to address regional issues while ensuring business sustainability. This research suggests that food enterprises play a crucial role in regional sustainability through collaboration with local communities. Future studies should explore the applicability of these findings across different regional contexts and business models.

Illegal street vending is a persistent issue in many Indonesian cities, including Jakarta’s historical district, Kota Tua. Since 2017, the local government has addressed this by relocating vendors to designated commercial facilities. This study investigates the development and utilization of six such facilities through interviews and on-site surveys. The findings classify development into three types: government-built, individually renovated, and privately renovated facilities. A key issue is the mismatch between initial facility plan and later urban redevelopment policies in the government-built facility. Additionally, tenant occupancy is influenced by location, visibility, and nearby illegal vendors.

Street surface decoration” is a tool for visually communicating to passersby that the street is a people-first street, thereby making the street a safe and comfortable place to live. In a previous study, analysis of drivers' driving behavior suggested that Street surface decoration may promote drivers' pedestrian-aware driving. However, the effects of impressions of Street surface decoration on driving behavior and the effect of fostering a “people-first” street space have not been sufficiently verified, and these were examined in this study. As a result, it was found that Street surface decoration does not negatively affect driver safety, which is a concern, and that Street surface decoration gives a favorable impression to pedestrians, leading to the fostering of a comfortable street space.

This study examined the relationship between peatland conservation, World Heritage designation, and the whisky industry in Scotland through literature review. Analysis of 1,332 papers revealed a significant increase in peatland conservation research since 2020, particularly during the year of Flow Country's World Heritage designation in 2024. While conservation and whisky industry research have been developing independently, studies integrating cultural landscape perspectives remain limited. This study highlights the necessity of understanding peatland conservation not just as an environmental issue, but also from the perspective of preserving cultural landscapes that encompass regional identity and traditional industries.

This research organized the historical changes in fishing catch data in Lake Biwa and proposed a new framework that integrates fisheries resource management and cultural landscape conservation. It clarified how, since 1960, the change in statistical aggregation methods from the port and regional levels to aggregated values for the entire Lake Biwa area has made it difficult to understand the unique fishing activities and environmental changes in the region. In addition, we presented a new perspective on reevaluating catch data not simply as an indicator for resource management, but also as an indicator for showing changes in cultural landscapes. Based on these findings, we proposed a new evidence-based policy framework that includes detailed data collection using citizen science methods, integration of quantitative data and qualitative value assessment, and policy formation through collaboration with diverse stakeholders.

In recent years, urban rivers have been reevaluated as open spaces that provide comfort and relaxation, and town development projects utilizing rivers are being promoted throughout Japan from the perspective of creating liveliness in central city areas and improving town circulation. Wakayama City is also promoting the utilization of urban rivers, including the development of promenades. In order to create an attractive space utilizing the river, it is important to understand the characteristics of the riverfront, such as land use, and to preserve and create a landscape and to integrate not only the river but also the buildings facing the river. In this study, we will clarify the land use change of riverside town and the evaluation of riverside landscape, using Wakayama City as a case study.

The conversion village system was introduced into the Danish Planning Act in 2017. This system aimed to create attractive residential areas in rural zones; it led to relaxation in development regulations for rural zones. However, only permitted development was carried out in all districts, even if the districts were not designated as conversion villages. In the Tørsbøl district, which was a conversion village intended for housing development, only development that was not considered to be “urban growth” was permitted, and the conversion village was subsequently canceled. Furthermore, in the Ny Stenderup district, which was intended for housing relocation, the designated area was considerably lower than the area originally planned for housing relocation. As a result, the conversion village system of the state and the future vision of the local government that operated it did not match, which was problematic.

The roof ridge direction of Machiya (traditional Japanese merchant`s house) may vary from one settlement to another, and furthermore, there is a tendency for the number of Machiya houses to decrease year by year. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of the situation of Machiya clusters in each region. This study aims to elucidate the remaining overview of Machiya and the distribution of roof ridge orientation and exterior characteristics in the southern part of Mie prefecture and Wakayama prefecture, as part of nationwide survey. Through investigation, the distribution of Machiya in southern part of Mie prefecture and Wakayama prefecture can be found.

Research on early modern towns in Japan has primarily explored their historical and cultural significance, with castle towns, post towns, and port towns forming the foundation of modern urban structures. Although port towns played a crucial role in economic and logistical networks, studies on their urban formation remain limited, particularly in Shikoku and Awaji. This study investigates the formation process and urban morphology of port towns in these regions. The findings reveal that early modern port towns were generally situated facing both the sea and rivers, whereas landing places were predominantly located along the rivers.

The aims of this study are to classify events held in the plaza in the Wakayama Castle Park to understand how it is being used, and to observe and investigate the locations and behavior of users during events, thereby clarifying how the space is being used. From the results, the events held could be categorized into festivals, sports, and sales. The survey results also clarified that there were areas where groups were spaced apart and people tended to gather in clusters during events.

Wakayama City is promoting a plan to create ‘comfortable and walkable’ urban areas and has developed a new public space in front of the Wakayama Castle, with the aim of creating a lively atmosphere and improving accessibility. This study aims to understand the purpose of using Wakayama Castle Square and the issues facing central areas of Wakayama City through a questionnaire survey of users. The results show that many of the plaza's users come to participate in events and visit the surrounding facilities, are satisfied with the pavement structures, and are therefore effective in improving accessibility.

Restaurant analysis has been a frequent topic in urban planning research in recent years, but there has been no discussion on which data should be used. The Economic Census, an official statistic, has the advantage of high reliability, but it has the disadvantage of being based on a 500-meter mesh, and the survey is conducted every five years. Therefore, studies have been conducted to analyze cities using data from private gourmet food information websites and telephone directories, which have been increasingly used in recent years, using point data at arbitrary points in time. However, the characteristics of the data and comparisons among the data have not been conducted. Therefore, this study compares the characteristics of the data and discusses which data should be used.

This study reexamines the play environment in Neuperlach’s Grundschule district, comparing data from 34 years ago. Based on a questionnaire survey of 42 children, it analyzes changes using quantitative methods. The findings reveal a decline in average playtime by 1.33 hours and a shift toward playing in limited spaces like homes and schoolyards. Despite the district’s well-preserved green spaces and no significant spatial changes, children's outdoor play opportunities have significantly decreased. While opportunity of indoor play have grown, analysis of play methods indicates strong support for outdoor play. This study reveals the emergence of spatial constraints on children's play in urban spaces and identifies it as a key issue in urban planning.

This study analyzed the strengthening of international competitiveness in Tokyo's urban regeneration special districts. After the introduction of the national strategic special zone system, while MICE-related facilities were developed, issues emerged regarding facility underutilization and scale limitations. Although accommodation facilities maintain international competitiveness, stronger cooperation with conference facilities is necessary. Moving forward, strategic public contributions through inter-district collaboration will be required.

The Paris Agreement, adopted at COP21, has highlighted the urgent need for countries to shift towards environmentally conscious energy use, with urban decarbonization being a key focus. In Japan, 991 municipalities have declared themselves Zero Carbon Cities and are developing decarbonization initiatives at the local level. However, one of the main challenges for these municipalities is creating decarbonization plans that take into account the local energy consumption structure. To address this, it is necessary to develop decarbonization strategies tailored to local characteristics, such as building usage and design, while also determining the right balance between renewable energy and energy efficiency measures. This study aims to create decarbonization plans specific to regional features and assess the potential decarbonization outcomes and business viability of these strategies. The findings suggest that choosing the right measures based on building type and usage is crucial, and that energy collaboration between neighborhoods is key to achieving decarbonization at the municipal level.

This study aims to elucidate the remaining overview of machiya and the distribution of roof ridge orientation and exterior characteristics in the Southern part of the Northeast's three prefectures, as part of a nationwide survey.The main results are as follows:1)Among the top 42 settlements in terms of the remaining number and density of structures,15 are not mentioned in past literature introducing their townscape. 2)The survey of 145 settlements revealed that tsumairi(gabled roof) houses and Composite style structures predominate in 140 of them. It can be said that the Southern part of the Northeast are characterized predominantly by tsumairi house types