Abstract
Recently as the angiography including cardiac catheterization is performed more frequently with an increase in arteriosclerotic diseases, local complication at a puncture site has become a serious problem. We experienced three complications of arteriovenous fistula, acute arterial thrombosis, and pseudoaneurysm in two cases. The arteriovenous fistula in case 1 at the right groin arose from the puncture of the superficial femoral artery at the origin where the femoral vein was dorsal to the femoral artery. Acute arterial thrombosis at the contralateral site in the same case was resulted from detachment of atheromatous plaque while compression after catheter removal. Pseudoaneurysm in case 2 occurred in the brachial artery. The patient had systemic hypertension and the puncture hole was about one third of the external diameter of the artery. Inappropriate compression of the puncture site lead to the formation of pseudoaneurysm. These complications are deeply related to arteriosclerosis. The intimal change, decrease of the wall elasticity and increased movability of the artery make manual compression difficult, thus forming the basis of the complications. Hypertension and/or hypercoagulability might be additional factors. Appropriate puncture and compression will be in need to prevent the local complications.
