Preventive Measures against Injury to the Urinary Tract during Vaginal Hysterectomy

Abstract

Vaginal hysterectomy can sometimes cause injury to the urinary tract among the injuriest o adjacent tissues and organs caused by erroneous surgical techniques.
Injuries to the urinary tract consist of those to the bladder and those to ureter.
A. Preventive Measures against InJuries to the Bladder
1. D. I. P. as a pre-operative test (Drip Infusion Pyelography)
2. Thorough catheterizationb efore operation
3. Confirmation of the lower end of the bladder
4. Intravenous injection of Indigocarmine solution after pre-operative catheterization
5. Injectiono f a large amount of physiologicals alines olutionc ontaining 0.0003 to 0.0005% epinephrine around the cervix
B. Preventive Measures against Injuries to the Ureter
1. D. I. P. as a pre-operative test
2. Our treatment of the uterine vessels
3. Precautions related to ligation and cutting of ovarian vessels
4. Precautions related to closure of the dissected end of the vagina after the hystercctomy