「韓国武士道」花郎道の創造と展開

抄録

　　In South Korea, the image of Hwarang (花郎）which was symbolized as of military spirit, was reconstructed during the Japanese colonial period. At that time, "Hwarang-do"（花郎道）was created as a coined term for expressing that the spirituality of the Korean ethnics and Japanese "Bushido" were the same.
　　Although this term was created for the Korean, the Japanese were mainly involved in the process of creating this term as a colonial ruler. In the Japanese colonial policy, they intended to assimilate Korean into the Japanese way of thinking that for practicing the concept which was Japan and Korea was one body under the slogan of "Naisen-Ittai"（内鮮一体） ． In that context, the Japanese sought common mentality in Korean Hwarang and Japanese 　　Bushido and by the reason of that both has the same belief, they regarded Hwarang was Korean Bushido. And this concept "Hwarang is Korean Bushido" was spread throughout the Korean society under the Japanese hegemony.
　　Despite Japanese intentions, Hwarang was also used for expressing the anti-Japanese sentiment and then "Hwarang-do" was shifted to be a Korean spiritual pillar to oppose Japanese hegemony.
　　After South Korea became independent, the definitions of Hwarang and Hwarang-do were reconstructed to be South Korean indigenous spiritual cultures during the process that Korean government forced to remove Japanese colonial culture from their society. As a result, "Hwarang-do" became national culture and was widely used in many fields like physical education.