ジョン・オースティンの功利主義論とJ・S・ミル

抄録

This essay discusses John Stuart Mill and John Austin on the utilitarian doctrine in the 1830s. In spite of his disenchantment with Jeremy Bentham, Mill remained to be a utilitarian after the so-called Mental Crisis (1826-7). I first explain why and how Mill advocated the utilitarian doctrine, rejecting the alternatives. Second, the presumable source of his ‘new’ utilitarian theory, i.e. the argument of Austin, is examined, pointing out in what ways Mill's argument had similarities to that of Austin. It is from Austin that Mill learnt a mode in which the utilitarian principle could be coupled with reliance on moral rules.