規範理論としてのホッブズの社会契約論

―自由主義のパラドックス―

抄録

The aim of this paper is to examine Hobbesʼs social contract theory from the viewpoint of the moral theory. Hobbes, who was under the influence of skeptical relativism, used the contract theory to provide foundations for common ethical standards. The notion of the social contract expresses the liberalistic idea that all rules are made by those who are free and equal. But his social contract theory based on liberalism leads to a commonwealth, which forces people to be passively obedient, and issues paradoxically in illiberal politics. By focusing on a mystery of this paradox, I would like to bring the characteristic of his social contract theory into relief and clarify the merits and demerits of that as the moral theory.