両大戦間期における銀行合同政策の形成と変容

抄録

The purpose of this article is to make clear the historical features of the policy of bank consolidation in inter-war Japan. Since the World War I, city banks had developed branches in the countryside and accumulated much money there. As a result, rural industries suffered from a lack of funds. The two biggest political parties, Seiyukai and Kenseikai had criticized the banks. They had pressured the bureaucrats of the Ministry of Finance into a change of policy so that they would transform the Japanese financial system intoa branch-banking system on the English model. By doing this, both political parties showed their concern for rural industries and put the policy into effect especially the fall of 1927. After 1936, however, the policy was changed to one of 'one bank for each prefecture'. As a result, the policy of bank consolidation in the inter-war period showed concern for rural industries in the countryside, and reflected 'the multi-stratum structure of the financial system'.