19世紀半ばのニジェゴロド定期市における商品取引の構造変化

抄録

Nizhegorod Fair, as the biggest fair in Russia and following in the tradition of the 1817 Makarievskaya Fair, not only organized the network of all internal Russian fairs, but also played an intermediary role as the hub of trade between Asia and Europe in the mid-19th century. It also made use of the geographical advantage of its location on the Volga River. The commercial sphere of Nizhegorod Fair stretched across the Eurasian continent, from Western Europe, including England, Holland, and France, to Asia, including Persia, Central Asia, and China. With the first industrialization of Russia and the revision of Russian customs policy on exports to Persia, the focus of Nizhegorod Fair was transformed from foreign trade to internal trade in orientation.