Stylistic Roles of Referring Expressions of Characters in Hemingway’s Works:

With Special Reference to “Out of Season”

Abstract

This paper is part of the authorʼs research on the use of referring expressions of characters in Hemingwayʼs works, following the papers “On the Use of Referring Expressions of Characters in ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber’” （2020） and “Hemingwayʼs Works as Seen Through Referring Expressions of Characters: With Special Reference to ‘The Doctor and the Doctor’s Wife’” （2021）. This paper focusing on “Out of Season,” one of the authorʼs best-known stories from his short story collection In Our Time （1925）, attempts to analyze it from the standpoint of linguistic stylistics, as has been done in the past. The main characters of the work are Peduzzi, a trout fishing guide, and a young couple. It was found that the writerʼs skillful choice and placement of referring expressions played an essential part in creating the sense of incongruity and psychological distance among these characters that the readers feel from the story.