Standardization of morphologic landmarks seen on panoramic radiographs

Abstract

Advanced radiographic techniques such as MRI, CT and CR have been developed in recent years, and these techniques have proved useful in producing high-quality diagnostic imaging. Although such techniques produce digital images, the radiographic findings are nonetheless interpreted using analog representations. In spite of the fact that digital analysis is not currently employed, it holds much future promise. Certain types of information such as size, location and extent of invasion are very important, and data regarding these parameters can readily be numerically digitized.
In this study, we chose panoramic radiography as a model in an effort to convert analog findings of lesions to numerical form. We standardized mean values of landmark positions form results of interpretation by a large number of students. And then established a standardized panoramic radiograph based on these values. When any panoramic radiograph is redrawn to this standard, all analytic measurements can be expressed in relative terms and compared to a common standard.
We also studied distortion in panoramic radiographs resulting from positioning errors. Although the quantitative comparison of data of panoramic radiographs from different individuals is difficult, it is now possible using this system. Shika Igaku (J Osaka Odontol Soc) 1997 Mar； 60(1)：58-69．