大西洋横断的な共鳴

【アルフレッド・ジマーンとホラス・カレンの多文化共生主義】

抄録

  Between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Atlantic countries were characterized by a number of remarkable congruities in the discourse of political thought. This essay examines one such transatlantic congruence, focusing on two parallel schemes for multinational coexistence devised by Alfred Zimmern (1879-1957), a notable British international thinker on the one hand, and an American cultural pluralist Horace Kallen (1882-1974) on the other. In analysing their resonating schemes, the essay advances three main arguments. First, Zimmern and Kallen both crafted a theory of multinational and multicultural symbiosis under the influence of the leading cultural Zionist Ahad Ha’am. Second, the dense intellectual communication between Zimmern and Kallen across the Atlantic helped these two thinkers formulate their similar projects of multicultural symbiosis. Finally, the two thinkers proposed such projects as an ideal for reorganizing their respective political communities: the British Empire for one, and American civil society for the other. The essay concludes that Zimmern’s and Kallen’s schemes of multicultural symbiosis prefigured contemporary liberal multiculturalism, albeit with a marked difference. Unlike contemporary theories, they were both characterized by an organic integration of nationalism and internationalism.