Abstract
This paper describes the fabrication of single-mode fused biconical taper fiber couplers and their application.
By using a fused biconical taper coupler technique, single-mode optical fiber couplers have been fabricated which have low insertion loss and uniformity branching ratio.
The insertion loss of a fiber coupler was 1.90dB, and the variation of branching output port ratio of the coupler was about 5 percent.
It was also found that it is possible to improve the mechanical strength and durability of the coupler by covering it with a brass pipe of a small diameter. These results indicate that the single-mode fused biconical taper fiber coupler is satisfactorily applicable to temperature sensors if it is built in as the optical path of the Mach-Zehnder type interferometer.
Moreover, the single-mode fused biconical taper fiber couplers can simplify optical parts of measurement systems.
