Abstract
Electronic cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobaccos are battery operated devices which are being marketed as less hazardous than conventional cigarettes. Though there are several reports on the generation of hazardous chemicals in the mainstream smoke of the novel tobacco products, the emission levels and related hazardous effects are still controversial due to a lack of consistent sampling and analytical methodologies. Since chemical composition in the mainstream may vary with smoking conditions, we then aimed to investigate influence of puffing protocols on the emission amount of chemicals in the mainstream of the devices for further proposal of consistent puffing protocol which can be applied to toxicology and risk assessment. In this study, influence of puffing protocols established by ISO, HCI and CORESTA was investigated on the emission amount of carbonyl compounds from one kind of electronic cigarette and two kinds of heat-not-burn tobacco, which are commercially available in Japan, using Linear Vaping machine for E-Cigarettes, LM4E and 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH) - high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Carbonyl compounds including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were commonly found in the mainstream smoke of three devices. As for the electronic cigarette, emission levels of carbonyls compounds did not vary with puffing protocols. However, those of heat-not-burn tobaccos significantly varied with HCI, ISO and CORESTA protocols. This is probably because the carbonyl compounds are produced from glycerol and propylene glycol during the aerosol generation in the devices and/or extracted from tobacco leaves. Therefore, puffing protocol should be carefully considered for evaluating the hazardous effects of the mainstream smoke of the novel tobacco products.
