Abstract
There is an emergence of stakeholders that cannot be predicted in the planning process of a project. The unexpected and existing stakeholders change their nature during the development process. These changes greatly influence the success of the project. IS021500:2012 and PMBOK Guide maintain stable management by updating original plans and monitoring and controlling processes the differences between what was planned in the start and what is happening in reality. Employing a PDCA cycle during the project makes it possible to achieve well-balanced tactics and strategic approaches followed by planning, monitoring and controlling processes. This process is similar to risk management, which discovers hazards and perils and effectively deals with them. When using a strategic approach, it is sometimes difficult to correspond to the changes of stakeholders that were unexpected at the process of planning. It is because the strategic approach starts managing the differences between what was planned and what is happening in the reality only after identifying the changes of stakeholders. It is necessary to include stakeholders that occur during the phase in the PDCA cycle. Changes of existing stakeholders during the progress of the phase should also be taken into a consideration. This study proposes a strategic approach that shows the movement of stakeholders by using a grid model that we developed. This model considers the emergence of new stakeholders and changes of existing stakeholders according to the development process.
