抄録
The present studies focused on collective efficacy (CE) among Japanese athletes. The purpose of study I was to compare psychological performance CE between individual and team sports, or whether or not athletes had a rival on their team. The aims of study II were to collect, organize, and consolidate enhancement strategies for psychological performance CE. In study I, data were analyzed from 251 athletes who responded to an Internet-based cross-sectional survey. Based on t-testing, no significant difference in psychological performance CE was observed between individual and team sports; however, based on ANCOVA, significant differences were observed regarding whether or not there was a rival on the team. In study II, fifty participants were recruited to participate and a bottom-up approach was adopted by categorizing the types of CE enhancement strategies collected from the participants. The strategies to enhance psychological performance CE were collected through open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviewing. The strategies reported by the participants were categorized via arrangement and adjustment by four workers using the KJ method. The data were classified into 10 to 18 strategies for each psychological performance CE item. This study may provide valuable information for enhancing psychological performance CE among athletes.
