学齢期のスポーツ観戦および実施経験時期による成人期以降の直接観戦行動との相関関係の比較

抄録

One of the authors has analyzed the relationship between playing and spectating sports behavior during school-hood by setting adult sports spectating behavior as an explained variable, and confirmed a certain relationship. The purpose of this study was to clarify what timing of school-age the groups which come into contact with sports tend to continue or resume spectating sports in adulthood, based on the theory of carry over effect. The data was secondarily obtained from the research conducted by the Japan Volleyball League organization through an online survey. The respondents were asked whether or not they had experienced spectating or playing sports at each school-age stage (elementary school, junior high school, high school and university). Spearman′s rank correlation coefficients between spectating or playing sports in each school-age and the behavior modification stage of spectating were calculated, and Fisher's z-transformation and Bonferroni correction were used to evaluate the significance of difference in correlation coefficients for each school-age. As in the previous research on playing sports, the results revealed that spectating in university indicated significantly higher correlation with the behavior modification stage of current spectating, compared with other school-ages. In some cases of excluding the group that had been spectating since school-age, the correlation coefficients between spectating in elementary school/junior high school and the behavior modification stage of current spectating showed significant differences in comparison with other ages. This suggested that past experience may be carried over and facilitate resumption of spectating in adulthood, even when interrupted. Our results suggest that sports organizations are required to have a medium- to long-term perspective that takes into account the re-socialization of spectators while consciously targeting the school-age in which significant tendency is confirmed.