Abstract
This paper presents safety of railway system, especially Japanese activities. The railway system has characteristics with exclusive guide way separated from the other transport system. The operation and management of railway system are well organized with specific organization. These are the principle of safety of railway and the more important thing is lesson learned from accidents. Not only improvement of the hardware such as safety traffic signal system, but also human related consideration as software are important to keep high qualities of safety in Japanese railway system. The more discussion will be expected for establishment of safety guideline for social risk and save of human life with consideration both of active and passive safety to reduce damage of accidents.
