水中の健康関連微生物リスク研究の歴史的変遷と最先端

抄録

In developed countries with water supply and sewerage systems, risk of waterborne infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria has been controlled at a certain level employing the water quality standards using fecal indicator bacteria. However, behavior of viruses and protozoa in water treatment processes or environmental water is different from those of indicator bacteria, and a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) approach for the management of risk from specific pathogenic microorganisms has been used in the U.S., etc. In this review article, we overview the waterborne microbial risk studies on the leading edge with pointing out some critical issues in this field. The topics include environmental survey on microbial contamination, risk assessment and modeling, risk management, and risk communication.