For a reconfigurable antenna system, antenna surface deformations should be measured to achieve a high precision antenna system. In this study, a novel measurement method of antenna surface deformations is proposed. Relations between surface errors and changes of the antenna gains caused by intentional deformations are derived from the Ruze equation. In this method, an antenna surface is deformed additionally using surface adjustment mechanisms and changes of the gains caused by the intentional deformations are measured. An original deformation of the antenna surface is estimated using the relations. Some numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the feasibility of this method. From the results of the simulations, it is shown that the antenna deformations are estimated adequately by using this method.