抄録
Remodeling of chromatin structure through the modification of histone acetylation is critical in the regulation of transcription. A variety of hematological malignancies have genetic aberrations associated with mechanisms involved in the regulation of acetylation. For cases in which aberrant acetylation contributes to the development of malignant phenotypes, the restoration of the physiological acetylation pattern is expected to lead to the normal phenotype. This form of differentiation therapy is exemplified by the successful treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with all-transretinoic acid. This review summarizes hematological malignancies resulting from genetic abnormalities leading to abnormal acetylation patterns and discusses the underlying role of these mechanisms in oncogenesis. Modification of aberrant acetylation patterns may specifically direct malignant cells along differentiation pathways thereby restoring the normal phenotype. This form of treatment is disease-oriented and, because it is designed to repair abnormalities at the molecular level, can be regarded as“molecular target”therapy.
