Abstract
Hygiene and sanitation are basic human needs to reduce health risk and to increase comfortability in living. Any sanitation system should meet requirements on a sustainable society, which conceptually differ from current systems in developed countries. Requirements on a sustainable society based on strong sustainability are stated in detail. Since the development of sanitation systems should be based on technology, social capitals and economy in the society, these items are discussed in detail. Sanitation systems in developing countries should not directly transferred from those in developed countries. The systems may dynamically change in functions due to social conditions and needs in a region, so that the sanitation systems should be flexible. The sanitation system may create several values. Sanitation value chain is one of them, which brings benefit and incentive for self-operation of sanitation to local societies. This sanitation value chain may be disturbed by global and wide-regional economy systems, so that local currency is recommended to be introduced to the local society.
