LDM (Life Detection Microscope): In situ Imaging of Living Cells on Surface of Mars

Abstract

Here we propose a new life detection project, to search for living microorganisms by fluorescence microscopy. We propose to search for “cells” from a depth of about 5 - 10 cm below the surface, which is feasible with current technology. Life Detection Microscope (LDM) that we propose here could detect less than 10⁴ cells in 1 gram clay. Our life-detecting instrument has the sensitivity that is orders of magnitude higher than the one onboard Viking that issued the negative conclusion. LDM is capable of identifying what we think to be the most fundamental features that a cell should possess to constitute life. Our Investigation Goals are: 1: High-resolution characterization of regolith and dust particles. 2: Search for any type of organic compounds in Mars surface samples. The compounds include cells, other biological materials, and abiotic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). 3: Identify cell-like structure in which organic compounds are enveloped by membrane, which may represent Martian life. Among the planets and giant satellites in our solar system, the characteristics of Mars are most similar to those of Earth. This suggests that the life similar to terrestrial life may arise and survive on Mars.