2008 年 24 巻 p. 13-16
I introduce the trend and relationships of taxonomy, ecology and civil engineering of streams and rivers in Japan. The 15 years history of "River Organism Census" conducted by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation is provided. The census provided the first comprehensive list of riverine organisms including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, macroscopic benthic invertebrates, terrestrial insects, plants and vegetation. I also introduce some movement of rapid assessments of river environment using organisms, such as ASPT (average score per taxon) and IBI (integrated biotic indices).