Antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients

Abstract

 Antimicrobial resistance is a major problem at the global level. The epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative pathogens is known to vary by country and region. The risk of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative infections is increased in patients with hematological malignancies, especially in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, due to risk factors such as neutropenia and/or prophylactic fluoroquinolone administration. Therefore, it is important to identify the infectious organ, causative pathogens, and drug susceptibility in patients with suspected active infections. In addition, we should use appropriate antimicrobial agents to improve patient prognosis. This review summarizes the current status of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative pathogens, the development of new antimicrobial agents, and therapeutic strategies for antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative infections.