The tubers of Bletilla striata have been used in traditional medicine to treat pulmonary tuberculosis and branchiecta as hemostatic agent, but no detailed chemical study on them has been reported. In the course of our investigation on the constituents of B. striata, nine known compounds, two new glucoxybenzyl alcohols and thirty five new stilbenoids, six biphenanthrenes, four bis(phenanthrene)ethers, three dihydrophenanthropyrans, one phenanrenylspirolactone, ten phenanthrenes, four phenanthrene glucosides, seven bibenzyls were isolated. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical transformation. Of them the dihydrophenanthropyrans and phenanrenylspirolactone have unique skeletons respectively. Two known compounds, batatasin(38) and 3'-O-methylbatatasin(39) exhibited 88.7% and 71.4% activities to branchiectasis at a concentra-tion of 10μM. Furthermore the 3'-O-methylbatatasin(39) also inhibited 75.4% edema calidum at 50mg/kg to suggest with antiinflammation. Above the phamacological activities were the 5first report and supported the traditional utilities.
