Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of High Strength Steel for Fracture Suppression and High Absorbed Energy in Automobile Collision

Abstract

A fundamental study on the axial crush performances of HSS (High Strength Steel) was carried out to clarify the effects of microstructure and mechanical properties on crashworthiness. Axial crush tests were performed to evaluate the crush performances of the HSS with different microstructures and mechanical properties and identify the fracture origins. The cracks in the press formed area were observed and the cracks led to the fractures. The high λ (Hole expansion ratio) steel showed excellent crush performances by crack suppression. Crash deformation in the press formed area was simulated by the ORB (Orthogonally Reverse Bending) fracture tests and the crack suppression factors were investigated. Through the ORB fracture test, it was clarified that the reduction of the hardness gaps between phases and the refinement of the hard phases (Fresh martensite) were effective for suppressing cracks in the press formed area. These microstructures were occurred by the Q&P (Quenching & Partitioning) process for increasing λ. Therefore, it was found that the microstructural design for increasing λ also contributed to excellent crush performances.