運動計測と言語報告に基づく身体スキル獲得に関する実験的検討

抄録

For skill acquisition that needs periodic body movements as cascade juggling, the establishment of stable body movements seems crucial. We investigated them in each of the learning stages defined by the Beek and van Santvoord (1992) framework. In addition, we investigated participants' verbal reports about what was intentionally concerned for achieving optimum learning in practice. In the experiment, novices practiced three-ball cascade juggling over a period of one week. We focused on two types of stabilities: the stability of chest movement representing torso movement, and another stability of wrist movement representing arm swing. The result revealed that the skills for establishing stabilities of torso movement and arm swing were acquired sequentially. In this case, the stability of arm swing emerged between Stage 2 (by 50 successive catches) and Stage 3 (by over 100 successive catches), and another stability of torso movement emerged between Stage 3 and the expert stage in which jugglers had acquired complete skills for performing five-ball cascade juggling. The result also showed that in the establishment of stable arm swing, the development of the stability occurred only in passive catching behavior, but did not in active tossing behavior. Additionally, we found that the participants who did not develop beyond Stage 1 (by 10 successive catches) trained themselves while focusing on their specific physical movements.