Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy: Melioidosis Mimicking Tuberculosis

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Melioidosis has protean manifestations and often mimics other disease processes. We present a case of a gentleman presenting with chronic cough whose initial radiographic findings of a cavitatory lung lesion and mediastinal lymphadenopathy were suggestive of tuberculosis. This case highlights the important role that bronchoscopy and endobronchial ultrasound can play in the diagnosis of melioidosis in patients presenting with mediastinal lymphadenopathy whose initial microbiological findings from sputum are negative for tuberculosis.