論文
Remarks on the Kāvyamālā-edition of Jayadratha’s Haracaritacintāmaṇi
1997 年 1 巻 p. 5-24
詳細
1997 年 1 巻 p. 5-24
The Haracaritacintāmaṇi is the collection of more than thirty stories about the miraculous deeds of god Śiva, who manifests therein his immeasurable greatness and his absolute superiority over the other divinities1. The author of this work is a Kashmirian poet, Rājānaka Jayadratha, who bore the title of mahāmāheśvarācārya. The introductory verses of HCC do not provide us with any other information about the poet than the names of his teachers, i.e. Rājānaka Higgaka and Rājānaka Āhāla, at whose instigation he decided to compile the legends about the three-eyed god2. In the concluding verses of the famous commentary (Viveka) on Abhinavagupta’s Tantrāloka the author Jayaratha relates the genealogy of his own family in detail3.
According to this genealogy his father, who was called Śṛṅgāraratha, had two sons, i.e. Jayaratha and Jayadratha4. Most probably it is Jayadratha, the younger brother of Jayaratha, who is to be identified as the author of HCC. Jayaratha’s and his father’s patron is the same as king Rājadeva, who, judging from the accounts of Jonarāja’s Rājataraṅgiṇī, must have lived from 1203 till 1226 AD5. We can therefore safely assume that Jayadratha’s career as a poet flourished about the end of the twelfth and in the first half of the thirteenth century6. The close similarity of the brothers’ names causes easy confusion of the one with the other. So we sometimes find the name of the author of HCC erroneously given as Jayaratha7.
The printed text of HCC is not quite complete but runs only up to the 45th verse of the 32nd chapter (prakāśa). With this verse the text abruptly comes to a break in the midst of the discourse which Nandirudra holds with sage Pārāśara. At present we do not possess any means of determining exactly the original size of HCC. Nevertheless, there is some reason to believe that the portion of HCC missing in the printed text is not very large. For in verses 16-46 of the 1st chapter we find the contents of all the chapters up to the 31st one summarized in due order. As to whether verse 47 should likewise be regarded as the summary of the 32nd chapter, there remains some uncertainty, because we are not able to examine the whole text of that chapter. Anyhow, as far as these anukramaṇī-like verses are concerned, we find in them no evidence that HCC comprises more than thirty-two chapters. So apart from the small lacunae common to the MSS on which the Kāvyamālā-edition is based, we may assume that the text lacking in this edition consists only of those lines of the last chapter which directly come after its 45th verse.
HCC is sometimes treated as a kāvya-work. Indeed, we might observe that Jayadratha’s composition does not deviate greatly from the definition of mahākāvya (sargabandha) given by Daṇḍin in Kāvyādarśa 1,14-19, given a relaxed interpretation of the criteria for a mahākāvya enumerated in this passage8. However, the contents as well as the simplicity of language and style make it appear more like a Purāṇa or a Māhātmya than a kāvya, although unlike Purāṇas the work of Jayadratha as a whole is not put into the mouth of an ancient ṛṣi. As is the case with Purāṇa-texts, HCC is for the most part composed of śloka-verses. The other metres are rare and almost entirely restricted to the beginning and the end of each chapter, where the poet employs as a rule some of the so-called kāvya-metres.
According to the statement Jayadratha makes in one of the introductory verses, he simply strung together the various stories on the deeds of the three-eyed god which he found related in the holy scriptures9. At least, his acquaintance with the Śiva-, the Skanda- and the Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa is evidenced by his own references to these texts made in the 31st chapter of HCC10. As for the stories about Jīmūtavāhana, Vīravara and Guṇāḍhya which Jayadratha relates in the 25th, 26th and 27th chapters respectively, there is little doubt that they were taken from some version(s) of the Bṛhatkathā. It has become clear that he mainly consulted the 90th chapter (taraṅga) of Somadeva’s Kathāsaritsāgara in composing his story of Jīmūtavāhana11. This state of affairs should never be understood to the effect that Jayadratha merely borrowed and adapted and then put together the Śivaistic stories from those which he found in the Purāṇas and the Bṛhatkathā. In perusing HCC, one can easily perceive a definite design of the author underlying the whole work. What he aimed at in his composition is to remodel the pre-existing versions of Śivaistic stories in order to exalt and expound his own religions beliefs. The doctrines with which he tried to imbue his narrative materials must have at least some connection with those of the so-called Kashmirian Śivaism established by Vasugupta. For his own elder brother Jayaratha is known to have made certain contributions to the theological development of this school by his own commentary on the Tantrāloka. At any rate, detailed investigation on the literary sources of Jayadratha in consideration of his own religions background -- a task which still remains to be undertaken -- would certainly throw light upon several interesting aspects of HCC12.
A number of the stories related in HCC are brought into connection with particular holy places (tīrthas). Jayadratha describes in detail the origin and the ritual practices of a few important tīrthas. HCC is therefore of great help for the study of the sacred sites mentioned in other works of Kashmirian authorship such as the Nīlamata and Kalhaṇa’s Rājataraṅgiṇī13. According to M.A. Stein HCC is the alleged source of some Māhātmya-texts which deal with particular tīrthas in Kashmir14.
The only printed text of this important work is the edition by M.P. Śivadatta and K. P. Parab, which appeared in 1897 as a volume of the Kāvyamālā-series15. Much to our regret, we cannot acquire any exact information about the circumstances in which this edition came into being, as it contains only the text of HCC itself and, as an appendix, a list of holy places in Kashmir16. The volume contains neither preface nor introduction, in which the editors could have given a detailed account of the materials which they used as well as the method by which they carried out the task of restoring Jayadratha’s text. All we know for certain at present is that the editors took at the basis of their work two different MSS which are designated by them as ka and kha17. These two MSS, which only seldom show an important difference in their readings, seem to stand in close relationship to each other18.
For the most part of the text the editors simply copied from the MSS or, where differences occur between the two MSS, adopted the reading of one MS, giving the other variant in the footnote. On the other hand, there are those places also on which the editors attempted corrections or emendations, following neither of the MSS. In some cases they propose their emendations or mere conjectures in the footnotes, while in other cases the altered verses are printed and the readings of the MSS are relegated to the footnotes. Further, there are places where we find the corrections of the editors put in brackets immediately after the words or syllables to be corrected. Of the lacunae which are common to both MSS, the editors detected some and tried to fill them with their own conjectural readings. But there still remain gaps in the text which the editors left as they are as well as those which they did not notice at all.
With all these attempts of improvement made by the editors, the product of their critical work is anything but satisfactory. The text of HCC as printed in the Kāvyamālā-edition is full of misprints, grammatical errors, wrong divisions of words and other defects. A large number of verses do not make any sense, as they stand in this edition. Apparently the editors did not carry out their task with due care and conscientiousness. Below I have put together the corrections which I would like to propose for a new printed edition of HCC. My only intention in proposing this list of corrections is to help those students who still have to rely on the Kāvyamālā-edition in their research on HCC
0,2d: bhāsatāṃ pratibhāmatām19
0,20c: yenaivâlambhitaḥ ･･
1,63b: bhavatas tv ･････ (as in kha)
1,85a: itthaṃvṛtte ････ (?)
1,85c: ･･･ sṛṣṭikāmo ’ham
1,98a: svapne nâpi ････
2,3a: vidadhad ･････
2,11c: ripuḥ sa mama saṃsāraḥ
2,22c: ･････-niḥṣyandair
2,32d: pūjāparikaraṃ ･･
2,70c: śubhe na ･････
2,81c anyaiṣāṃ ･････
2,115b: ･････ sukhaṃ śaye
2,118ab: ravikoṭisphurattejonānāstrabharabhairavaḥ
2,122c: tṛṣāpratoda- ･･･ (?)
2,123b: ････ sudāruṇām
2,138c: ･･････ krudhyan
2,155c: ････ -bhayāyāsa- (?)
3,1d: syān niḥśeṣa-････-
3,18c: ････-prāptidhiyaḥ
3,19d: gargarīcakrur ambudhim
3,20ab: ･･･ kāryaniṣpattiparikalpitabhaktayaḥ
3,56c: ･･ brahmādayo ･･
3,62a: śobheta ･････ (?)
3,66c: ādhatta ･････ (as in MSS)
3,80a: kavalam akṛta kālakūṭam ekaḥ
4,16c: ･････-vṛttāntaḥ
4,28c: ････ na so ’mībhir
4,37b: yatra yatrâpi ･･･
4,67b: madekāyanacetasā
4,68b: ･･･ spṛśyate ･･
4,80b: prabhutvaṃ kair na śasyate (as in MSS)
4,91ab: tīvrasevāprayatnebhyaḥ kiṃ dadyuḥ prabhavo na vā (?)
5,1a: yaḥ krīḍan nijayecchayâpihitadṛg devyā ･････
5,1d: ･････ ātatāna bhagavān ･･･････
5,43b: ･････ dhūrjaṭe
5,49b: ācakramuś ････
5,56b: samutsannā ････
5,65b: mohito ’bhavad ･･･
5,85c: nṛmuṇḍamaṇḍitā ･･
5,101cd: yatrâdyâtrâbhilāṣo vā
5,112c: iti hṛdi vinidhyāya ････ (?)
6,7d: ma eveti ････
6,14a: ････ krame ko ’yaṃ
6,14c: mātāpitryaḥ sphurad ･･･ (?)
6,18d: pramādenâpi ･･･
6,19b: ･････ manyate (?)
6,23c: samāsahasreṇa ･･
6,25ab: ･･･ śītāṃśukalākapālālaṃkṛtaṃ ･･
6,28a: ･･･ nāsikā ghora-
6,3la: eko ’bhavad ････
7,1b: rūpaṃ dhārayate ････-
7,3d: yasya śīrṇāny ････
7,15c: ････ tadā dṛpyan
7,66b: ･･････････suraughaḥ
8,1a: tattatkarmavidhānataḥ ････-
8,7cd: dine dine ’bhajata tadapāyapratipādanam (?)
8,10b: -rākṣasā ･････
8,12b: ･･･ surakāminīḥ
8,13a: nyamantrayata ･･･
8,13d: vipannā bhavitavyatā (?)
8,15d: avakāśo na tatra yat (?)
8,21b: ････ nyamya sā
8,53c: bhavattejohutāśasya
8,58d: ･･･ apy atāpayat
8,64e: janmamadhyāvasāneṣu
9,1c: tvaṃ devyā sahasā smarasya vidhinā ･･･････ (?)
9,7b: amuṣyâsthānavartmani
9,13d: svarga udvasatāṃ gataḥ (?)
9,15d: ･･･ tasya rakṣasaḥ
9,26a: cittasya ･････
9,40d: padam ūrdhvam ････
9,55b: cittāt ･･････
9,56b: ･･････ prabhuḥ
9,78d: ･･････ chatam
9,82a: ･････ saṃsiddhyā
9,83a: ･････ saṃcintya
9,90ab: prāpyata eva keṣāṃcic cetoleśena kiṃcana (?)
9,91b: ････ pariśramaiḥ
9,100b: ･･ loke vicāryate
9,101c: yas tvayā pravṛto ･･ (?)
9,108c: ito ’thavâhaṃ ･･･
9,118d: ････-puraḥsarā
9,119d: ････ antaraṃ gatāḥ (?)
9,136d: sadyaḥ ･･････ (as in kha)
9,150b: ･･･ sa manojavam
9,158d: ････ kadarthanā
9,165c: ････ gṛhaṃ śakraś
9,166b: kāṃścit kāṃścit ････
9,184b: ･･ saṃcintya ･･･
9,184c: putrotpattyabhilāṣaṃ sā
9,189a: ･･ na dṛṣṭapūrvaṃ te
9,210c: vāntaṃ hutāśena ･･
9,225c: adatta ･････
9,235c: ･･･ dānavavadhū-
9,276a: ･･････ nistuṣānukampā-
10,1a: ･･････ śivendriyabhayās ･･･････
10,1b: ････････････ svātantryalīlāyitāḥ
10,12c: vīṇāveṇukarās ･･
10,18cd: ････-tapaścaryāniyama-･････
10,23a: ････ priyās tyaktvā
10,26c: ･･･ tan na mucyante
10,41ab: ･･････ vīṇāveṇusvarakaraḥ ･･
10,50b: nayasva ･････
10,53b: ････-sukhāsikaḥ
10,57d: ････-samāvṛtam
10,66a: ･･･ indriyajayo
10,73a: vicārayantîti na te (?)
10,88b: ････ viśaṅkyate (?)
10,102c: ･･･ kathaye ’tathyaṃ
10,106d: ･･･ parikalpyate (?)
10,107b: ･････ lakṣyate
10,107c: atha vâvākpaṭos ･･ (?)
10,153b: gāḍhājñānamayī ･･
10,176a: aśāṭhyāstikatā ･･
10,204d: ･･-jūṭajaṭāvahaḥ
10,220b: ･･･ saṃkṣayaḥ kvacit
10,242a: triḥsaptakṛtvaḥ ･･･
10,246d: ･･････ bhavet
10,255c: yathārthanāma ･･･
10,261d: saṃpravartayatāṃ bhuvi
10,263c: bhagavān ･････
10,265c: ･････ sattrākhyaṃ
10,266d: puṇyāraṇyabhuvām asau
10,270d: parivārāyutena tu
10,257d: ･････････-tāpaśāntim (as in kha)
11,1d: yenâyāsyati nātha kāraṇa gaṇo ’vaśyopajīvyāṃ daśām (?)
12,1b: ･･････ prakāśitavatī yā ･･････
12,3ab: ･･････ jantūn uddhartuṃ ･････
12,17c: abhidhānaiḥ ････
12,33ab: ･･････････････････ yām ūrdhvaṃ prāpitavān ･･･-
12,34b: ･･･ sahasodyayau
12,36ab: trikoṭī sāditis tatra caturvedīti sāpagā (?)20
12,45b: jāhnavīsahavāhinī
12,47d: ････ śubhāvahā
12,52d: yātanāsaṃgativyathām (?)
13,6cd: ････ tapaścaryā siddhiṃ vaḥ ･････
13,14cd: ･････ pūrvataḥ pṛthagvṛttiṃ karotu ca
13,15c: vidhyāmahe ････ (?)
13,27c: ････ mamâpîti
13,40c: brahmā dattavaras ･･
13,50a: ･････ loko ’yaṃ
13,65b: pṛcchyate ･････
13,73a: ････ tataḥ śakram
13,74c: buddhair āgatam ･･･
13,75b: saṃkalpyeta ････
13,84cd: śukrasyāsaṃnidhānaṃ tu tatra siddhyai pratīkṣyate
13,86d: ････ nipātyate
13,95a: sadâbhilaṣitāsiddhiḥ
13,102c: vimṛṣṭā ･････
13,107cd: dūṣyate sma mahādevabhakticarcā ････
13,139a: ･･･ kṣayam ･･･
13,143ab: ･････ ajñāsīc chukro ･･････
13,161a: ･･･ brahmaviṣṇvādyair
13,167b: vāsukijyāṃ ････
13,170d: -netrāc câśru ････
13,184a: tad utthiṣṭha ････
13,190a: ･･･ bhagavān ･･
13,208d: ････ vyacintayan
13,212d: ･････ bhāvitān
13,215a: ････････････ śaktir vimarśātmakā
13,219b: ･･････ viśuddhayā ･･･
14,1d: ････････････ dāruṇy api ･･･ (?)
14,7b: ････ rudanty ･･ (as in MSS)
14,11cd: ･･････ kṛṣṇaḥ sthiti-･･････
14,15b: uṣā vigata-･･･
14,18b: ･･ prāptavatī ･･
14,36b: ･････ nāgatā
14,53b: ･･･ dhīmatāṃ ･･
14,56b: dārūṇy ･･････
14,66b: sarvatovartinaṃ ･･
14,68c: ･･････nārīṃ
14,98a: ye lubdhāḥ
14,143a: ････ stutas tvaṃ ･
14,154a: tiṣṭhase ･････
14,158c: ･･ tvadbhaktim ･･･
15,1a: heyāheyamayadvaya-･･･････････
15,3a: ･･･ svecchayā ･･
15,3d: ････ abhāṣyata
15,22c: ･････ mā garvāt
15,24a: ･･･ sikatāliṅgaṃ
15,39c: ･･･ avidhānena (?)
15,46b: bhakṣaṇādyaṃ ････
15,47b: ････ prapadya saḥ
15,53a: ････ samārabdha-
15,60c: ･････････ sa eva (?)
16,1b: ････････････ kālo yayâbhāsate
16,1c: saṃprāptā bhavadicchayā ･･･････････
16,2d: bahūn sattvān ････
16,19d: ････ nirīkṣate
16,22a: ･････-harṣas tu
16,23c: ･･････ śreṣṭhā
16,33c: siñcantam ･････
16,46c: vimohitās tu ･･･
16,58a: jātucij jātucit ･･
16,64b: ････ mamâyayau
16,65ab: ･･････ liṅgākṛtis ･･････ (?)
16,65c: devī ca ･････
16,68a: ･･････ rudraḥ (?)
16,73d: -parabhaktipavitritāḥ
17,11d: apaśyantaś (or aprāpsyantaś) ca ･･･
17,38d: śraddheyaḥ ･････
17,81c: upādiśam ato ･･
17,82cd: ･････ māyī yo ’māyī yo ･････
17,94d: ･････ kā kathā
17,106a: bhagavān ･････
18,1c: ekībhūtamukhaḥ ･････････････
18,1d: ･･････････ yathātattvaṃ gaṇādhīśvaraḥ
18,2d: ･･･ prakalpatām (?)
18,16d: ･･ rājye ’bhyasecayat
18,36a: bahusukṛtaphalā ･････
19,1b: ･････････-vipadā mātrā ciraṃ mohitaḥ
19,6ab: ･････ apiban tadā ･･････
19,7c: ･･ miṣṭarasaṃ ･･
19,11b: pīyate ･････
19,19d: ････ śilānibham
19,33b: ･･･ vitathāḥ kathāḥ
19,34b: ････ kṣaṇe ’pi vā
19,55a: ････ tadā dṛṣṭvā
19,68d: śakro ’yam iti ･･･
19,81c: ･････ yad bhuktvā
19,86b: kalyaṃ ･･････ (?)
20,3c: jāmbavatyabhidhā ･･
20,25a: anasūyā ････
20,41ab: mahādevāśrayāṃ hy evaṃ kathāṃ vidadhatos tayoḥ
20,43c: muṇḍaś cīrī ････
20,62d: ･･････ sutān
20,64a: etām eva ････
20,65b: ････ niśamya te
20,68c: śakrasya ･････
20,76d: viśvamūrter ････
21,5a: ･･････ bhītair
21,10d: ････ prakalpatām (?)
21,11c: bāṇa liṅgatvam abhyetu
21,16c: tapaḥprasannāt ･･･
21,28a: bāṇāsurastutaḥ ･･
21,31d: śarvājñā ･････
21,42c: ･･･ bhagavadbhaktaḥ (?)
21,50a: ････ vidhātavyo
21,6lab: ････ mahādeva grāvāṇo ･････
21,67c: anyamārgasthitair ･･
22,16c: tām āmiṣīcikīrṣantau
22,30d: vimṛśantī ････
23,1d: ･･ pañcamukhordhvakalpitagatiḥ ･･･････
23,15d: pikakokānuvādinīm
23,18a: ････ giriṃ devī
23,25b: vihartuṃ ･････
23,29a: tapodhanāśrayān ･･
23,30a: dṛṣṭā vindhyādri-･･･
23,34a: rambhāratiśacīlakṣmī-
23,43a: prayāta ･････
23,48a: ･･･ hriyate kanyā
23,50ab: ･･････ daityas smerabhāṣī ････
23, :57b ･･ bhrukuṭibhīṣaṇaḥ
23,68d: akiṃcitkaratāsthitāḥ
23,70c: ････ amūn baddhāṃs
23,74a: avaśyaṃ deyā ･･･
23,74c: tena bhartrā ････
23,80b: ･･ barbarakas tvayā
23,91a: sarvatra dānavanyasta- (?)
23,92c: avāpur vindhya-･･･
23,114c: ･･･ vāhanaharī
23,116d: ･･ kesariṇau ･･
23,129c: ･･ ārodhayāmāsa
23,133b: ･････ kaṃ tayoḥ
23,140c: astuvan ･････
24,59ab: ･･････devaḥ saṃcarantaṃ ････
24,61a: ･･････ śraṣṭā (?)
24,6lcd: ･･････ nânyaḥ stutaḥ ko ’nyah ････21
25,11a: niśvasya ･････
25,22c: adyaiva lapsyase ･･
25,43d: ･･･ dharaṇīdharāt (?)
25,61ab: ･･････ prāṇān rakṣiṣyāmi ････
25,68a: ･････ gokarṇaṃ (as in kha)
25,79b: ･････ varṇitaḥ (?)
25,86a: ････ parimitāḥ (?)
25,86d: tvādṛśī ･････ (?)
25,87a: ･････ madbhartrā
25,102c: yac câkāṅkṣati ･･･
25,114a: parimitam upakartum ････ (?)
25,114c: ････････ śivasya śaktiḥ (as in kha)
25,114d: ････ yatra tataḥ ･････ (?)
26,20d: ･･･ codbhavaṃ dinaiḥ
26,37b: bhūyād idam ････
26,38a: ･･ karavālāhatyā (?)
26,48b: vyayīkṛtya ････
27,4d: ････ ’bhyabhāṣata
27,7b: nandi dvāraṃ ････
27,15cd: jayâpy etad dhi jānātîty abhyadhāc ca tadâcirāt22
27,29d: mâtrâṃśenâpi saṃśayaḥ
27,34b: vetase nagare (as in kha)23
27,40c: anvicchadbhyām ････
27,44d: ････ tathâparaḥ
27,54b: japaṃś ca ･････
27,57d: jagade vasudattayā
27,60c: pratipādyeti
27,82b: pūrṇīkṛtyâtha ･･･24
27,94e: śmaśāne ･････
27,104d: prārthito ･････ (?)
27,116d: ･････ aśapyata
27,117c: tyaktabhāṣātrayaḥ ･･
27,123c: tāṃs tān adhyāpayañ ･･
27,127b: sā jagādâlasyālasā (?)
27,130ab: udakaiḥ siñca mā tvaṃ mām ity uktaṃ hi mayā tava (?)25
27,135d: ･･････ sadā26
27,136b: ･･････ nṛpa
27,146d: ･･-lakṣāṇi ･･･
27,150b: ･･･ prāpsyate katham
27,155c: ････ svayaṃ ･･
27,160ab: ･･････ kathāṃ sātavāhanabhūbhuje
27,162c: yāṃ svayaṃ sa mahādevyāś
27,167c: ･･･ saphalīcakre
27,168d: ････ paśya tam ･･････
28,3c: pratitattvaṃ stutā ･･
28,20c: nirbharaṃ paripluṣṇantī (?)
28,29a: tad deva dṛṣṭam ･･･
29,12cd: māṇikyacūrṇarātriṣu ･･･ (?)
29,20ab: ･････ saṃsāro ’jñātaḥ ･･････ (?)
29,24cd: prāyo rogā nivartante bhiṣajā bhaiṣajena ca
29,28b: ･････ cânvitaḥ
29,30b: ārogyāya ････ (?)
29,35c: vṛttāntam ･････
29,51a: ･････ durvārān
30,14b: ･････ taddharā
30,74a: mṛjyamānaḥ ････
30,86d: ･･ pāsyāma ity alam
30,87d: ･･･ na nivārayet
30,88c: adhomukhordhvapādās te
30,99cd: ･･････ śraddhā dānasya ･････
30,110d: ････ atibhīṣaṇaḥ
30,113a: anye ’pi ･････
30,114d: dhāvyante ･････
30,115a: āpāpaprakṣayāt ･･
30,124cd: ･･ sarvātmatājñānaṃ ････････ (?)
30,125c: svasiddhāntavirodhena
30,134a: ･･････ kaścid
31,1a: ･････････････････ sphuraty
31,33f: prakaṭīkriyate’dhunā
31,45cd: ･･････ megharūpaṃ ･･････
31,49b: prakaṭīkṛtya vigraham (?)
31,56d: svayogena bhayānvitaḥ (?)
31,64c: ･････ devī kā
31,66c: ālokyante ････
31,91b: gurvādyān api ･･
31,102b: tīrthasnānāny ････
31,123d: -lakṣa-･･････
31,150a: paśyâsādhāraṇa-･･
31,172d: sā brahmāṇḍapurāṇataḥ
31,180d: ･･ cchanno ’tha câśrayat
31,208a: ･･･ tādṛśam ･･ (?)
31,212a: ･･･ tvaritaṃ ･･
31,223d: pādapān ･････
31,227d: sa parṇais tad avākirat
31,235c: atikrūro ’pi ･･･
31,237ab: kṣamādayādamāhiṃsāguruvātsalyakāriṇām
31,238a: ････ japaṃ kṛtvā
31,278c: guptaṃ ･･････ (?)
31,279a: ････････ candramauler
32,18a: ･･･ dagdhaṃ ･･････
32,24c: ････ bhagāṅkaś ca
32,30c: ･････ ajñāyi
32,32d: ･････ īkṣyate
32,34a: svalpāyuṣaḥ ････
Needless to say, I make no claims for the exhaustiveness of the above list. It could certainly be enlarged by anyone willing to examine the Kāvyamālā-edition more carefully. From some catalogues we know of the existence of still unused MSS of HCC27. Such materials should be collected and collated using solid textual criticism28 for the purpose of establishing a trustworthy text of HCC. At any rate, HCC, which reflects a fascinating phase of the Śiva-cult in mediaeval Kashmir, deserves a full-scale and detailed study undertaken from various viewpoints.
For general introductions to HCC cf. M. Winternitz, Geschichte der indischen Litteratur. Band 3 (Leipzig 1920), p.78; A.B, Keith, A History of Sanskrit Literature (Oxford 1928), p.137; S.N. Dasgupta / S.K. De, A History of Sanskrit Literature — Classical Period Vol. I (Calcutta 1947), pp.628-629; K.Krishnamachariar, History of Classical Sanskrit Literature (Delhi1970), p.269; Sures Chandra Banerji,A Companion to Sanskrit Literature (Delhi1971), p.199; S. Lienhard, A History of Classical Poety—Sanskrit-Pa1i-Prakrit (Wiesbaden 1984), p.203; L. Rocher, The Purāṇas (Wiesbaden 1986) p.90.
See HCC 1,4-5 According to HCC 13,213 Rājānaka Higgaka devoted himself as a denizen of a holy place called Svayaṃbhunātha to the meditation on the supreme god.
Cf. S.K. De, Studies in the History of Sanskrit Poetics (London 1923), Vol. I, pp.197-199.
Cf. The Tantrāloka of Abhinava= gupta with the commentary by Rājānaka Jayaratha. Vol. XII (Bombay 1938), p.433.
Cf. Jonarāja’s Rājataraṅgiṇī (edited by Srikanth Kaul, Hoshiarpur 1967) 5,79-91.
Cf. M.A. Stein, Kalhaṇa's Rājataraṅgiṇī (Westminster 1900, Delhi 1961), p.378; Dasgupta / S.K. De, op. cit. pp.628-629.; S.K.D, op. cit p 198
In this respect the editors of the printed text of HCC are not consistent. On the title-pages (see n.15 below) we find the poet’s name printed as Jayaratha, while at the beginning of the text as well as at the conclusion of each chapter the correct form ofhis name, i.e. Jayadratha is retained.
In Kāvyādarśa 1,20 Daṇḍin himself remarks that a kāvya-work is not seriously impaired even if it does not fulfill all the conditions laid down in the preceding verses (1,14-19). Cf. Daṇḍins Poetik (Kāvjādarśa) — Sanskrit und Deutsch — herausgegeben von O. von Böhtlingk (Leipzig 1890), pp 3-4.
HCC l,5cd: caritrāṇi trinetrasya śāstradṛṣṭāni gumphaye.
Cf. HCC 31,97,132,162,186,276.
On the relationship of HCC 25 to KSS 90, cf. M. Shibazaki, Haracaritacintāmaṇi and the Jīmūtavāhana-story [written in Japanese]. Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies vol. 90 (1997) [forthcoming] For a discussion on the different versions of the Guṇāḍhya-story, cf. F. Lacôte, Essai sur Guṇāḍhya et la Bṛhatkathā (Paris 1908), pp. 21-33.
Cf. Kanta Gupta, The Haracaritacintāmaṇi -- its Śiva legends as compared with those of the Purāṇas. Purāṇa, vol.XVIII, no.1 (Jan. 1976), pp.75-83. In this short article Gupta gives a survey of the contents of HCC ; and each time he summarizes a particular story told by Jayadratha, he refers to the chapter(s) in the Purāṇas in which the same or a relevant story is narrated.
Cf. Stein, op. cit., Vol. II, p.378. M. Tokunaga made full use of HCC in his research on the sacred sites recorded in the Nīlamata. Cf. M. Tokunaga, Descriptions of the temples and tīrthas in the Nīlamata purāṇa. Vss. 989-1356a. A Study of the Nīlamata —Aspects of Hinduism in Ancient Kashmir edited by Y. Ikari (Kyoto 1994), pp.399-421.
Cf. Stein, op. cit., Vol. II, pp.491-492.
The Haracaritacintāmaṇi of Rājānaka Jayaratha. Edited by Mahāmahopādhyāya Paṇḍit Śivadatta ‥‥ and Kāśīnāth Pāṇdurang Parab. Printed and published by Tukārām Jāvajī, ‥‥ Bombay 1897. Kāvyamālā 61. The reprint of the same volume, which was published in 1983, is not available to me.
This list of the tīrthas was prepared by P. Govind Kaul, a pupil of Stein, under the supervision of his teacher. Cf. Stein op. cit., Vol. II, p.378, n. 134.
Only at one place (p.4, n5) do we find the sign “ ga” used by the editors. This sign can hardly be regarded as referring to any other MS than those which are designated as ka and kha.
It is obvious that one of these two MSS belonged to the Raghunātha Temple Library. For Stein (op. cit., Vol. II, p.378, n.132) tells that the text of HCC which had come out as a volume in the Kāvyamālā-series was printed “chiefly from the text as contained in” his “MS. No. 206.” The number given by him seems to refer to a MS of HCC which is registered in his catalogue of Jammu MSS : Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts in the Raghunatha Temple Library of His Highness the Mahārāja of Jammu and Kashmir. Prepared for the Kashmir State Council by M.A. Stein. Bombay 1894.
The introdution to the whole work, which is called upodghāta, consists of the first fifty-two verses of the opening chapter. In the printed edition, however, this introduction is treated as a separate unit in respect of the verse numbering.
Cf. Nīlamata (edited by K. De Vreese. Leiden 1936), 231.
Or should we read: • • • • tvattaḥ ko ’nyaḥ?
Cf. KSS 1,54.
Cf. KSS 2,41a.
Cf. KSS 4,88.
Cf. KSS 7,116.
Cf. KSS 7,144b.
Cf. Th. Aufrecht, Catalogus catalogorum (Leipzig 1891), Part I, p.754; G. Bühler, Detailed Report of a tour in search of Sanskrit MSS. Made in Kaśmir, Rajputana and Central India. Extra Number of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (1877), p. xiv.
In re-editing the text of HCC, several scribal peculiarities in Kshmirian MSS should be taken into full consideration. Cf. M. Witzel, Kashmirī Manuscripts and pronunciations. A Study of Nīlamata, pp.1-53.
