THE PERSONALITY TRAITS OF THE CRIPPLED CHILDREN : ANALYSIS OF YATABE-GUILFORD PERSONALITY INVENTORY

Abstract

It has been considered that the crippled children have their own psychological traits because of the various handicaps attending on their physical disability. The purpose of the present study was to analyse the crippled childrens' response to Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory (YGPI) in order to investigate their own characters on traits. The subjects were 124 children (65 males, 59 females) in the first grade of junior high school for the crippled. YGPI was given to all of them by one of the present authors. Their IQs were higher than 85, so they could response to the personality inventory. The all data of the normal to be compared with the crippled were taken directly from Tsujioka (1965). ANALYSIS I The aim of this section was to calculate the following statistics as a basic analysis, and to compare the crippled with the normal about them, and to find out the features of the crippled children, i. e., (1) reliabilities of twelve subscales involved in YGPI (Depression, Cyclic Tendency, Inferiority Feelings, Nervousness, Lack of Objectivity, Lack of Cooperativeness, Lack of Agreeableness, General Activity, Rhathymia, Thinking Extraversion, Ascendance, Social Extraversion), (2) percentage of responses to three categories (Yes, ?, No) throughout all the 120 items, and (3) mean scale values on each scale. Results and discussions are as follows. (1) The internal-consistency reliabilities were shown in Table 1 and mean of these values was 0.656. These values were not so high but not so low, thereore this test could be used as a test. (2) The percentage of the responses to three categories was shown in Table 2. The response to the question mark category was very high in the crippled. The experience of the crippled children is limited, so their selfconcept did not develop fully. Therefore their neutral response was considered to increase. (3) The profiles of YGPI of both sexes of the crippled were compared sepately with the one of the normal children. It was on only one scale of General Activity that the difference between the two groups was statistically significant at both sexes. It was quite natural that the crippled children were lower than the normal on the General Activity scale, because they had physical disability. But it was not anticipated that the significant difference appeared only on such a few scales. The crippled children in the school were protected from the outside society since they entered the elementary school. This had prevented them from being frustrated, feeling the stress and having the psychological conflict, and prevented their personality from becoming neurotic and maladjusted. ANALYSIS II The first aim of this section was to compare the crippled children's factor structure of the twelve scales with the normal's one. The intercorrlelations among the twelve sub-scales of YGPI for the above-mentioned 124 crippled children and Tsujioka's data (1965) were both factored by the principal-factor method with squared multiple correlations in the diagonal and two-factor solutions were obteined for each group. The two-dimensional configuration of twelve subscales was shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The crippled children's configuration of scale A and S which constituted the factor of Dominant in Tsujioka's factor analysis (1965) differed much from the normal's configuration. By Tsujioka, the main feature of this factor was the high sociability, the preference for personal contact, seeking for the friendship, the notexclusiveness and the powerful leadership. The crippled children were considered to be immature at this aspect of personality because of their deficiency of social experiences. The second aim of this section was to select some adequate items to the crippled children from the ten items in each subscale. The intercorrelation among the ten items in each sub-scale were factored by the principal-factor method with squared mu

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