A Survey of Sleep Condition in Japanese Patients with Diabetes

Abstract

A bidirectional relationship between sleep disturbance and diabetes mellitus (DM) has been reported. This cross-sectional study analyzed 209 outpatients with DM who visited our hospital between January 2017 and December 2018. We investigated the sleep condition by a questionnaire using the 3-Dimensional Sleep Scale (3DSS). Sleep quality in DM patients was significantly lower than that in healthy subjects. A multivariate analysis was performed which included the results of each item in the 3DSS as outcome variables in DM patients. Sleep phase was positively correlated with patient's age, and was advanced among elderly patients. Sleep quality proved to be markedly low in patients complaining of nocturia and users of hypnotic agents, and was significantly low in patients with leg cramps and female patients. Sleep quantity was inversely corelated with HbA1c, and was significantly low in patients with leg cramps and female patents. Sleep disturbance in DM patients was evident in the present observational study, and multi-dimensional approaches including treatment to alleviate neuropathy or urological intervention seem to be warranted.