Abstract
This study was performed to clarify the frequency of dental caries and periodontal diseases and salivary conditions in diabetic patients.
Dental examinations were performed as to the number of decayed, filled or missing teeth, status of calculus deposition and periodontal diseases in 30 male subjects with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) under treatment at a diabetic clinic and 30 healthy male subjects matched for age and Body Mass Index.
Although there was no significant difference in the frequency of dental caries between NIDDM and healthy subjects, calculus deposition and periodontal diseases in NIDDM showed significantly higher frequencies than in healthy subjects.
There were no significant relationships among the frequency of dental caries, calculus deposition, periodontal diseases and fasting blood sugar (FBS) or glycohemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in NIDDM.
The number of decayed teeth (C4) was smaller and that of filled teeth was significantly larger in the group with a long duration (over 10 years) of DM. Furthermore, the frequencies of calculus deposition and periodontal diseases were significantly higher in this group.
In 47 subjects (32 male and 15 female subjects) with NIDDM and 45 healthy subjects (33 male and 12 female subjects), whole unstimulated saliva in the fasting state was collected from 9 to 11 a.m. After measuring the amounts of saliva, concentrations of salivary components such as glucose, lactate, potassium, calcium, inorganic phosphorus and immunoglobulin A (IgA) were measured by Video Chemistry 600.
The salivary flow-rate was significantly decreased, but glucose, potassium, calcium, inorganic phosphorus and IgA concentrations in saliva were significantly increased in NIDDM.
