2007 年 17 巻 1 号 p. 1-16
Leaf physiological and morphological responses were studied in seedlings of seven dipterocarp species planted in three degraded forest environments: grassland, logged remnant forest and secondary forest. Dryobalanops beccarii, Parashorea macrophylla, Shorea macrophylla, S. ovata, S. parvifolia, S. seminis and S. virescens were used as study species. The leaf photosynthetic rate at light saturation (Amax), the dark respiration rate (Rd), light compensation point (Ic), leaf mass per area (LMA) and SPAD value were measured during the 38 months after planting. Water loss by detached leaves was also determined at 13 months after planting. In the grassland, LMA and Amax increased from three months after planting in all species except S. ovata. The time by which 50% of total leaf water content had been lost from detached leaves was positively correlated with LMA, suggesting that species with high LMA (D. beccarii, S. ovata and S. parvifolia) have high tolerance to desiccation in the grassland. The positive correlation found between LMA and Amax indicates that LMA accelerated the photosynthetic rate, although those species with higher Amax/LMA (P. macrophylla, S. macrophylla and S. seminis) had low tolerance of desiccation in the grassland. The seedlings planted in the remnant forest had lower leaf Rd and higher SPAD values than in the other environments. Large increase in SPAD value and decrease of Icin P. macrophylla and S. virescens suggest that both species have acclimation ability to the remnant forest. The lowest mortality and lc in the remnant forest was in S. seminis and suggests high shade tolerance in this species. In contrast, S. ovata, which maintained the highest lc over the measurement period, may suffer greatest mortality in the remnant forest In the secondary forest, the leaf Amax, LMA and SPAD value were intermediate in value between the other two environments. We conclude that leaf ecophysiological traits in dipterocarp seedlings differ significantly between species. This is information needed for enrichment planting in degraded tropical rainforest areas in Southeast Asia.
