2021 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 11-19
This paper aims to show various interpretations of Donald Schön’s “reflective practitioner” as the professional model for caregiving in Japan. The “reflective practitioner” has already become a typical model when we refer to the professionality of the caregiver. On the one hand, some people argue that a “reflective practitioner” is the very model of the professionality of the caregiver. On the other hand, others state that it is just a reference for caregiver professionality. Schön’s “reflection” is in a dominant position and is divided into two types: “reflection in action” and “reflection on action.” The first describes “the present progressive form” of reflection, which occurs with action, and the latter describes “the past form” of reflection, which occurs after action. This view was originally presented by AKITA Kiyomi, but she recently changed this view: she never divided Schön’s “reflection” into the two types. KOGA Matsuka states that the two types are not divided by a tense, stating that the difference between the two is thinking of the meaning of action depending on the context, or thinking on the meta-levels of frame of action or system of learning.
