ヨウ化サマリウムを用いる迅速還元反応

抄録

Recent study in this laboratory is reviewed The single electron donor ability of samarium diiodide (SmI₂) can be enhanced with ligands around of Sm (II) when a sufficient electron is supplied from ligands. Mechanistic consideration of this enhancement led us to find that carboxylic acid, ester, amide, nitrile and the other functionalities were rapidly reduced with SmI₂ in the presence of base, acid and water as ligands at room temperature in good yields. Particularly, these systems reduced directly carboxylic acid into alcohol and SmI₂-85% phosphoric acid system reduced aromatic primary amide to aldehyde in good yield Pyridines were similarly reduced to piperidines with SmI₂-base or water system and aromatic nucleus of phenol derivatives was rapidly reduced with SmI₂-base system Furthermore, carboxylic acid, ester, amide and nitrile were rapidly reduced with Sm or Yb metal-hydrochloric acid system.
The striking characteristic of these reduction is mild conditions, short reaction time (within a few secondsminutes), high yield of reductive products and one pot reaction with facile method.