We developed novel fabric structural composite scaffolds using a bioabsorbable polymer for a tissue regeneration of alveolar bone. This scaffold consists of the high strength polylactic acid (PLA) resin fiber fabric and the flexible ε-polycaprolactone (PCL) resin coat. The rigidity and yield strength of scaffold are increased owing to the bonding of fiber intersection by resin coat. In the aim of evaluation of cell proliferation and differentiation on scaffolds, mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) were seeded onto the scaffolds and cultured in vitro for six weeks. The cells proliferated during the time in culture and formed a space-filling tissue between polymer fibers. Bone regenerative messenger ALP/DNA levels remained high compared with those one of culture dish. Mineralization of the deposited collagen on scaffold was initially observed at four weeks and subsequently increased. Similarly, rigidity and strength to the radial direction of scaffold increased. Culture of cell on scaffold led to formation of a bone tissue for six weeks.
