Amidst global functional deficits, there is a burgeoning interest in redefining policing and security frameworks to incorporate infectious disease control, exemplified by COVID-19 strategies. This study retrospectively analyses state responses to global pandemics, societal reactions, and security implications in developing countries like Uganda. It investigates the jurisprudential and structural dynamics of pandemic policing, encompassing criminalisation, victimisation, police-public interactions, and media influences. These factors are pivotal in understanding structural and physical violence in developing regions, particularly concerning human rights, access to essential needs, and public health imperatives. Additionally, the study explores the ramifications of COVID-19-induced shifts in scientific discourse and electoral processes. Methodologically, it examines state strategies for COVID-19prevention and treatment, public perceptions of related restrictions, and the media’s role in shaping these perceptions, through participant observation, informal discussions, and content analysis.

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This study assesses people’s perceptions of Covid-19 and domestic violence against women in the Huye District of Rwanda through a case study of the Family Circle Love Lab Organization (FCLLO). Additionally, this study seeks to understand the causes and effects of domestic violence on women during the Covid-19 period, exploring how Covid-19 resulted in domestic violence against women, and determining the approach used by the FCLLO to adapt its strategies for supporting women experiencing domestic violence in Rwanda. A qualitative descriptive methodology is used in this study, and data are obtained via documentation and interviews. Eleven participants are purposively selected, and their research data are analysed qualitatively using content analysis. The findings of this study revealed cases of domestic violence during the Covid-19 pandemic due to unemployment, alcohol abuse, food scarcity, lockdown, and depression. These findings indicate that unwanted pregnancy and depression are the main effects of Covid-19 due to an increase in proximity between partners during the lockdown. The mechanisms used by the FCLLO to support women include but are not limited to trauma healing, conflict resolution through mediation, and assistance in developing resilience and confidence.

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Since the first COVID-19 case was confirmed in March 2020, South Africa has quickly adopted strict measures to contain the infection. It includes mass testing, an economic relief scheme that amounted to 10% of its GDP, and a lockdown. The perceptions and reactions of people in South Africa to these measures vary according to their situation, such as job, economic status, and nationality. However, people generally follow this new strategy for survival, despite the difficulties and inconveniences caused by restrictions. But how? This study examines how people in South Africa responded to the pandemic and the government’s measures during the first 100 days of the lockdown by taking the following examples: (1) the persistence of informal businesses under the regulations, (2) restaurants working for the communities while their businesses were forced to shut down, and (3) the judicial procedure as a means of raising voices. The discussion argues how government measures had formed a ‘one standard’, which risked defining people as illegal and dividing people easily, and how people’s actions worked to supplement the incomplete government scheme by offering support to those who were spilled over from the scheme and suggesting amendments.

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Climate change has remained a critical challenge to agricultural land management, threatening the lives and livelihoods of poor farming households in developing countries highly dependent on agriculture. Climate change adaptation strategies offer smallholder farmers an opportunity to mitigate this threat and sustain farming. However, adopting these technologies largely depends on farmers’ risk perception of climate change. This paper uses a composite scale measuring cocoa farmers’ risk perception about climate change and evaluates its impact on adopting climate change adaptation strategies using a sample of 512 cocoa households surveyed from the Western North Region (241) and Ashanti Region (271) of Ghana, with varying degrees of climate vulnerability. The results show that farmers had medium to high-risk perceptions about climate change. Cocoa farmers with higher climatic risk perception are more likely to adopt on-farm and off-farm climate change strategies to mitigate the effect of climate change and protect their livelihood sources. Also, farmers in regions with greater climatic shocks tend to adopt more on-farm strategies to buffer against climate change. Therefore, understanding farmers’ risk perception about climate change is vital for formulating policies to mitigate its effect on livelihoods and sustain farming as the cocoa belt faces the threat of climate change.

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This study explores the intricate dynamics and factors that influence gubernatorial impeachment in Kenya, highlighting the checks and balances within the devolved government system established by the 2010 constitution. The Kenyan experience of impeachment indicates that proceedings are often marred by political uncertainty, controversy, and procedural breaches, necessitating intervention by courts of law to correct abuses of power. This study examines how neo-patrimonial practices, gender dynamics, and party politics shape the impeachment process, reflecting broader struggles for power and resources. By looking at successful impeachment cases in Kiambu and Nairobi counties and comparing them with unsuccessful ones in Embu and Kirinyaga counties, this study highlights the crucial role of political affiliations and allegiances. Meru County was also scrutinised to determine whether the 2022 government would approach gubernatorial impeachment differently, considering gendered politics. This study evaluates constitutional provisions on impeachment; the roles of key actors such as the Senate, county assemblies, and judiciary; and the influence of political alliances and rivalries. Using qualitative data from case studies, stakeholder interviews, and media reports, this study provides a detailed understanding of impeachment as a political tool and its effects on devolved governance in Kenya. This study offers insight into balancing accountability and the potential misuse of impeachment for political purposes.

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The work is looking at the various farming methods and techniques which in themselves constitute cultural diversity from the preparation of the farming area or site right up to harvesting, transportation, transformation and consumption. The Yamba people form their ridges and furrows according to the type of crop that will be planted on that ridge. People just making their first contact with this community without the prior knowledge of the people’s staple food decided to sponsor the roots and tuber project in the community where new farming methods and techniques were introduced but the locals rejected the project. Most of the food crops that made up the roots and tuber project were not found to be appetizing to the local indigenes because they believe that their own foods have power and strength (both physical and spiritual). The Yamba people are being guided by their culture to the extent that what they produce, how they produce it, distribute it, transforms it, prepare (cook it) and consume it is determined by their culture.

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