Nous avons etudie que le chlorure a la position-4, dans 4-chloro-3, 5-diiodolutidine ou dans son oxide-1, a ete actif pour la substitution nucleophilique. Parce que, ils ont se fourni facilements les derives de 4-phenoxy, ou 4-(p-nitrophenoxy) et, au reste, de 4-(p-aminophenoxy) par reduction calme. Les produits serront utiles pour la substance cholecystographique.

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Nine condensation products of isomeric three aldehydes and three acid hydrazides of pyridine group were prepared and their tuberculostatic activity against virulent human tubercle bacillus, strain H₃₇Rv, was examined on Kirchner's medium containing 10% of bovine serum. The most active compounds were the condensation products of isonicotinic acid hydrazide with aldehydes and stronger than isonicotinic acid hydrazide in vitro.

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Shimoburobase I ist dem Songorin sehr ahnlich. Die 3 Sauerstoffe in ihnen bestehen aus 2 Hydroxylgruppen und einer Carbonylgruppe. Sie enthalt noch eine ungesattigte Doppelbindung, die beim Ozon-Abbau das Formaldehyd gibt. Eine Atomgruppierung -CH(OH)-C=CH₂ in ihnen wird angenommen, die sichbeim Behandeln mit Pd-Katalysator in CH₃-CH-C=O umlagert. Desoxybase von (I) wured hergestellt.

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An addition compound of hydroquinone and maleic anhydride was obtained by heating a mixture of these substances at 200∼220°. It was found this compound is the endo-ethylenecyclohexane derivative (III), and that such a benzenoid compound can react with maleic anhydride as in the case of the usual Diels-Alder reaction.

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3, 4-Dihydro-1, 2-tetramethylene-β-carboline (I) was synthesized from 2-(2'-pyridyl) indole by a new method.The latter, when treated with fromaldehyde and diethylamine, readily geve the β-diethylaminomethyl derivative (III) in a fair yield. Its methiodide (V), made advantageously via the corresponding methosulfate (IV), was reacted with aqueous alkali cyanide to give the indolylacetonitrile (VI), which was hydrolysed and esterified, giving the indolylacetic ester (VIII). LiAlH₄-reduction of this ester yielded the β-hydroxyethyl derivative (IX), which gave directly the β-carbolinium bromide (X) by the agency of PBr₃, catalytic reduction of which gave (I) in a smooth reaction. The hitherto unknown 2-(3'-pyridyl)-and 2-(4'-pyridyl)-indoles, their metho-salts and the corresponding 2-piperidyl indoles were also prepared.

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1) 3-Nitro-4-chloro-5-bromopyridine (I) reacted with KSCN in glacial acetic acid to give 3-nitro-4-amino-5-bromopyridine, and 3-nitro-4-mercapto-5-bromopyridine was obtained by the reacion of (I) and KSH in methanol. 2) 7-Bromopyrido [3, 4-d] thiazole derivatives were synthesized from 3-nitro-4-mercapto-5-bromopyridine through reduction followed by cyclization.

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Cyrtominetin and cyrtopterinetin, isolated from Cyrtomium falcatum Presl. and other Cyrtomium species as flavonoid aglycones, were proved to be 6, 8-dimethyl-5, 7, -3', 4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone and 6, 8-dimethyl-5, 7, 4'-trihydroxyflavanone, respectively, by their methylation and alkali fusion. Their syntheses were achieved by Shinoda's method and the products proved to be identical with racemic cyrtominetin and cyrtopterinetin.

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The compound listed in the title, in which the morphan structure in the N-methyl-3-hydroxymorphinan skeleton had been substituted with a decahydroisoquinoline, was synthesized and its analgesic and antitussive actions were examind but the compound did not show as powerful an action as was anticipated.

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Dioscin, a steroidal saponin obtained from some Japanese Dioscoreaceae plants, was proved to be composed of one mole each of diosgenin and of D-glucose and two of L-rhamnose. Of the three prosapogenins, (A), (B), and (C), formed by its partial hydrolysis, (C) and (A) were isolated and proved to be a diosgenin glucoside and a rhamnosidc-glucoside, respectively. Two possible formulae (I) and (II) were proposed for dioscin, of which the latter, assuming a rhamnosido-glucoside for prosapogenin (B), seemed rather probable.

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By photochemical reaction in the presence of oxygen trans-π-oxocamphor decomposes to 1-methyl-4-acetylcyclohexan-2-one, besides carbon monoxide and santenone. The occurrence of the first indicates the formation of 7-hydroxy-α-santenone as an intermediate. In the absence of oxygen, however, 1-methyl-4-acetylclohexan-2-one, accordingly 7-hydroxysantenone, was not formed.

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The paper chromatography of anthraquinone pigments was studied employing five different solvent systems : a) Petroleum benzine saturated with 97% methanol, b) the upper layer of a mixture of petroleum ether-acetone-water (1 : 1 : 3), c) the lower layer of a mixture of acetone-benzene-water (1.5 : 2 : 1), d) petroleum ether saturated with water, and e) butanol saturated with 28% NH₄OH. The relationship between the disposition of substituents in the anthraquinone ring and the Rf values was also discussed.

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The coloring matter of naphthoresorcinol reaction with glucuronic acid was shown to consist of two main dyes, one of which was isolated by the present authors. The new dye was supposed to change to the Ogata and Nozaki's dye at a higher temperature or by a longer reaction time by hydrochloric acid. The newly presented structure of the dyes may explain all the analytical data and the reaction mechanism.

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The relation between the chemical structure, antitubercular activity, and antibiotin activity of various compounds related to acidomycin was examined with Mycobacterium tuberculosis typus avium.

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The action of acidomycin and its analogs on avidin, as the experimental model of the biotin-protein complex, during the formation of avidin-biotin complex (A.B-complex) was examined in vitro. It was found that these compounds failed to free biotin estimated by L.arabinosus method against inactivation by avidin. It was concluded that A.B-complex cannot be employed as a model of experiment designed to obtain some answers for the increasing urinary biotin excretion in acidomycin-injected rabbits.

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A total of 20 azo compounds related to 6-(2'-hydroxy-3', 5'-dibromophenylazo)-4-hexylresocinol were prepared. The effect of these newly synthesized azo compounds upon Yoshida sarcoma and Ehrlich ascites sarcoma is described briefly.

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(-) and (+) Dihydrousnic acid were directly prepared from (+) and (-) usnic acid by catalytic hydrogenation using palladium black as a catalyst and tetrahydrofuran as a solvent. On heating in vacuo, (-) and (+) dihydrousnic acid were converted into isomeric (+) and (-) isodihydrousnic acid, respectively.

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A quaternary alkaloid, magnoflorine (I) has been identified from the root of Magnolia denudata Desr. (Magnoliaceae).

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A quaternary base magnoflorine, a major alkaloid of Magnolia grandiflora L., has been isolated from Cocculus trilobus DC. of the family Menispermaceae.

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