<Objective> The purpose of this study is the process of how newly graduated nurses' "Negative Feeling toward Job" and "general self-efficacy." changes over time.
<Method> The questionnaire was created to measure the intensity of the "Negative Feeling toward Job," and "general self-efficacy." The study was conducted longitudinally at three separate times (April, July, and October) with 573 newly graduated nurse participants. The surveys were carried out without notifying the medical institutions to which the participants belonged. The exploratory analysis of the factors that influence the "Negative Feeling toward Job" was also conducted. Relationships among the factors influencing the intensity of the "Negative Feeling toward Job." "general self-efficacy," became apparent.
<Results> The "Negative Feeling toward Job" was the weakest in April and it rapidly intensified by July, continuing strongly into October. It was confirmed that the intensity of the "Negative Feeling toward Job" was influenced by "general self-efficacy."

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The present study aimed to elucidate the actual conditions of decision-making at the time when the users with cancer at nursing care insurance facilities changed to palliative care and after the change took place.
We conducted a semi-structured interview of 10 nursing care staff with experience in providing care to such users at one of the three nursing care insurance facilities from December 2012 to November 2013. After obtaining informed consent from the participants, we recorded the contents of the interview, prepared a verbatim report, and conducted a content analysis.
In the interview, all subjects talked about their experiences of end-of-life care for these users who shifted to the palliative care. It was found that even specific information such as the name of the disease was not given to the patient and that decisions for users with cancer were made in accordance with the intent their families. Further, the family was more concerned about dementia rather than the treatment of the disease, and as the family became pessimistic about improvement of the user's condition, they preferred a natural death rather than depending on the medical treatment."
Decision-making of such users seemed to be influenced by the preconceived notions of their families toward aging and dementia. It was found that surrogate decision making by the family regarding treatment was characteristic of users of nursing care insurance facilities.

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The purpose of this study was to clarify concrete consultation contents about school life of children with chronic disease, the factors that influenced discussions between schools and families of children, and discuss the support provided by medical staffs.
Semi structured interview were performed for 10 mothers who had children with chronic disease. The mothers answered consultation contents about consideration in the school life of children, and answered opinions at the discussions with the school staffs of normal schools.
It was found that mothers consulted school staffs about consideration about lunch, response to the poor physical condition, taking part in school events. And the factors that influenced discussions between schools and families were "ingenuity into the approaches from parents", "guarantees from parents about ability of their children", "preparations to acceptance of school staffs", "use of the support from medical staffs".
The support by medical staffs were discussed, including raising ability for explanation of the parents, making of the explanation documents matched with individual conditions.

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In the present study, students' fatigue during scaling training was evaluated using the new editions of the "Assessment Tool for Subjective Symptoms" and "Assessment Tool for Fatigue", flicker values, and a check sheet regarding scaling techniques. Through this evaluation, these students' issues were extracted to improve our educational approaches. A total of 23 dental-hygienist students participated as subjects in this study. Of the 9 training sessions, evaluation was performed both before and after the 3rd, 6th, and 9th sessions. Evaluation using the "Assessment Tool for Subjective Symptoms" revealed reduced feelings of instability (Factor II) after training sessions, increased feelings of eyestrain (Factor V) after the 6th session, and increased feelings of local pain or dullness (Factor IV) after the 3rd and 9th sessions. Increased fatigue was noted in the right upper limb after training sessions. In all 3 evaluations, flicker values were lower when yellow flicker was used. Thus, after scaling training sessions, mental fatigue was alleviated, and fatigue in the eye and right upper limb increased. In addition, completed check sheets revealed that some students adopted an inappropriate posture and/or position during training sessions, possibly contributing to increased fatigue. On the basis of the findings, we are planning to improve our educational approaches.

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The purpose of this study was to clarify issues in nursing practice for outpatients who receive oral chemotherapy. Subjects included 13 nurses who worked in the outpatient department. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Collected data were analyzed using qualitative inductive analysis. Issues in nursing practice for outpatients were identified as follows: "Many duties blocked nursing intervention"; "There were limited opportunities to meet with patients because of departmental decisions"; "An organized display was needed to show the specialties of outpatient nurses"; "There were difficulties in being consciously aware of the needs of patients receiving oral chemotherapy"; and "Patients demonstrated insufficient medication compliance and selfcare". The study suggested that organizational management is necessary to facilitate conscious transformation and understanding about the importance of specialty nursing care for outpatients who receive oral chemotherapy.

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The revised regulation for nursing compensation in FY2012 established the basic fee for at-home reinforcement type geriatric health services facilities, recommending a shift from nursing care in geriatric health services facilities (GHSFs) to home care. However, the number of at-home reinforcement type GHSFs to which an application of the basic fee was approved was still low. We conducted a philological study to elucidate actual efforts and present challenges in facilities where a basic fee for at-home reinforcement type care has been introduced.
We retrieved relevant reports published since 2012 through a web search of databases such as the web version of the Japan Medical Abstract Society. Four key words were used: geriatric health services facilities, at-home reinforcement type, return home, and at-home care support. A total of 32 relevant reports were extracted.
Efforts underway to improve the rate of returning home in such facilities include 1) confirming the aim of entering the facility before and at the time of admission, 2) giving importance to rehabilitation, and 3) supporting the user's family to change their mind about the possibility of nursing care at home. Current challenges include a decrease in the bed occupancy rate and an increase in staff burden due to the increase in the number of persons admitted or discharged.
To improve the rate of returning home for such facilities, each user should set up, with staff and family members, a concrete objective of returning home. In addition, multidisciplinary collaboration is important to achieve this objective.

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