Rhizoidal tubers in Tortula truncata (Hedw.) Mitt. were newly confirmed in Japanese populations. A brief description of the rhizoidal tubers is provided, with illustrations. Ecological and distributional information on Japanese T. truncata are also given.

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Naturalized plants, Sisymbrium orientale L. and S. irio L. (Brassicaceae) were collected from Hiroshima Prefecture, Honshu, southwestern Japan. The former species was found growing by the road-side at reclamation areas in Mihara, Higashihiroshima and Hatsukaichi Cities as additional localities in the prefecture; the latter was found by the road-side i n Hiroshima City a nd is the fi rst record i n the prefecture. Sequence of the nuclear 18S rRNA gene (nr 18S rDNA) and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nr ITS), and chloroplast ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit gene (cp rbcL) for S. orientale; nr ITS for S. irio and S. officinale were obtained. Their phylogenetic positions were also demonstrated.

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