This paper shows the result of our research by legal and information technology researchers about the legal issues when we use Differential Privacy (DP) practically.

The result responds to the social request to ensure the balance between the advanced use of data and the protection of personal information.

DP is the criterion for quantitative evaluation for the safety of technics to protect privacy. It adopts a method to add noise to the query result to protect data against attacks.

The degree of protection of privacy by DP depends on probabilistic parameters, such as ε, so it might be challenging to evaluate DP from a legal perspective. However, we can reveal the legal meaning of protecting privacy by DP by examining its significance and limitation.

We work on the issue of Transparency, which we need when to use advanced technics by examining the actual suit around the use of DP in the U.S. Census 2020 or connecting the Japanese legal situation.

This paper examines the new concept of “Personaility Rights of Voice”. In recent years, there has been rapid progress in speech synthesis technology, leading to the emergence of numerous related products and services. When these technologies are misused, there is a potential for unauthorized voice replication and the dissemination of statements against an individual’s will, which has already become a concern in Japan and other countries. In Japan, personality rights, such as the “rights of portrait,” have traditionally been acknowledged concerning a person’s appearance. However, there is no legal precedent recognizing personality rights related to a person’s voice, and academic discourse on this topic remains insufficient. The purpose of this article is to stimulate discussions on the concept of “Personality Rights of Voice”.

This paper examines the significance of legal personality for avatars, and the pursuit of liability for the shareholders and the directors and makes the following observations.

First, the primary significance of juridical personality is the separation of property and the limited liability, and it is necessary to assume a business failure in the design of their governance.

Second, the form of participation of natural persons in the legal entity of an avatar should be structured as shareholders or directors, and its creditors should be allowed to pursue their liability.

Third, an unincorporated avatar also enjoys personality rights as an unincorporated association (or foundation) if it has a social reality as an association (or foundation) independent from its members.

With the advancement of technology using neural information, known as BrainTech, one field in law, called “neurolaw” has been attracting a great deal of attention. This paper considers how neural information should be treated in the field of privacy and Act on the Protection of Personal Information, using cases classified into three types (input type, output type, and intervening type) to analyze the issues from the perspective of Act on the Protection of Personal Information and information privacy under civil law.

The privacy protection legal framework for children’s online service usage in the United States is primarily composed of two federal laws with different origins: FERPA, which has a long-standing focus on protecting children’s educational records in the context of school education, and COPPA, which primarily aims to safeguard children’s online service usage in non-educational settings from a consumer protection perspective. These federal laws are complemented by individual state laws. This article examines the current state of child data protection under U.S. federal and state laws in both educational and non-educational contexts, using California as an example. It also highlights the challenges faced by these federal and state laws due to the rapid evolution of information technology in the environments of school education and children’s online usage. Finally, it reveals insights from U.S. laws for children’s personal information and privacy to Japan’s legal framework.

As the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) disease spread globally in early 2020, Taiwan maintained the numbers of people infected and seriously ill at an extremely low level, attracting the attention of Japan and the rest of the world.

This can be attributed to the fact that from the early days of the spread of the COVID-19 in Mainland China, the Taiwanese government implemented strong epidemic control measures at its own discretion, under which it actively used information and communications technology.

As measures that utilize information and communications technology to combat infectious diseases will be essential in the future, this article introduces domestic and international issues, particularly the use of mobile phone-related technology (Electronic fence, Electronic fence 2.0, 1922 SMS registration, Social Distancing App), in Taiwan, a country that is the vanguard in the use of information and communications technology and associated measures, in order to suggest future measures in Japan.