Ocupational Science and Ocupational Therapy literature support a way of working based on planning strategies towards goals of enabling meaningful occupation. However, do our prevailing approaches of creating future possibilities make full use of the powers of occupation in support of persons’ health and well-being? In this paper Narrative-in-Action methodologies and transaction theory are used to translate research findings into an alternative, additional approach. This paper will explore how possibilities arise from daily life and therapeutic situations. Recognizing these, often unplanned, emerging opportunities and bringing its' possibilities into reality can have various benefits. In addition to bringing people incrementally closer to a daily life they find fulfilling, it can provide people with experiences of health and well-being, even while in the midst of recovery from a disabling illness or injury.

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The construction of our social worlds through historical, social, cultural, and economic conditions has placed some people in un-just positions; positions which exclude them from full participation in the daily lives of their families and communities. The term social inclusion is used to describe a process that works to transform our societies, to re-construct ‘societies for all’. However, this is a complex and multi-layered process, requiring change by all. While policy and economic change is an essential part of this, it is also recognised that change in the locally social world, the public world of the neighbourhood and community, is significant. I suggest that collective occupation, and our research and practice of collective occupation, is an important part of these processes. Following a general introduction to social inclusion, my first aim in this paper is to present the concept of collective occupation and its contribution to the construction and maintenance of the locally social world, including situations of both inclusion and exclusion. Following this I aim to discuss how collective occupation that supports social inclusion may be developed, including examples from Japan and Europe. Integral to this development is understanding of the importance of the public world, and the concepts of recognition and participatory citizenship. Enabling the social inclusion of all in our local neighbourhoods and communities through collective occupation can be part of the social transformation required to address the un-just conditions of many people’s lives in our societies today.

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First of all, I appreciate being invited here! For me, occupational therapists are the only jobs that can understand “meaning” in the field of rehabilitation. Occupational therapy is rehabilitation that can access “meaning.” Human beings are living things that cannot live without “meaning.” Thinking that way, I am grateful and honored for this great opportunity to talk to you about “recovery” and “WRAP®.” I am at a so-called “party” in the mental illness/mental disorder field. Some mental symptoms occur on a daily basis, where some required hospitalization at a mental hospital. Mental illness may result in discrimination and prejudice toward the person from his/her community. I wanted to go to the city hall. However, the most shocking thing was, “My condition is not understood by modern medicine. I may not be healed.” I think that it was time talk about it. I was at a loss as, “Will this go on forever?” I was 19 then. But now, I think that it was a really good age. Why? For my mental health recovery, there is “WRAP®.” “WRAP®” is a process that is themselves developed by people who have recovered. It is a system for recovery. Although it may not be possible to cure mental conditions with medicines, “recovery people” exist in reality. This is a generalization of real wisdom, which is made available for everyone. (That is WRAP®!) This system exists! “Recovery of mental health” and “WRAP®.” In this case, I will report on my relationships and my friends' experiences.

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The purpose of this research is to investigate changes over time of a child with severe disabilities and her mother as social beings from the perspective of co-occupation. Researchers conducted interviews of the mother and had participant observations of the mother and child. The mother and child’s occupations have changed along with the child’s development and her occupational place expanded beyond mother and child, to family, and society. Contrary to the traditional model of mother and child that features only that relationship, the mother and child studied had included others so that the child’s social participation was facilitated. The study investigates how the child has developed as a social being and how the mother coached her social participation with the perspective of co-occupation.

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An elderly woman in her early nineties tended to stay in bed after being stricken with heart disease. Her self-image was as "a homemaker and tanka poet". She was encouraged by an occupational therapist to compose the short Japanese poems known as tanka. After she began to compose tanka, she became aware of changes in her environment. She approached her image. And she changed into the person who lives regularly. She left the hospital and was lived alone but with the assistance of helpers and family. This gave her a sense of freedom. The occupational therapist supported her as a tanka poet. This support was an indispensable part of the changes. This case matched the process "doing, being, becoming, belonging" by Wilcock. And it showed that very old person got health by engaging meaningful occupation.

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【Purpose】 To explore, by using the concept of Age-Frindly Cities, how occupational therapists and occupational scientists think about city planning or community builing for elderly people. 【Methods】 We analyzed relevant Japanese articles from occupational therapy and occupational science using Rodgers ’s evolutionary method of conceptual analysis. 【Results】 Our concept analysis identified four attributes, four antecedents, three consequences. The attributes of the concept were “strengthening of social infrastructure” , intervention among residents ”, “ adjustment of surrounding environment ”, “intervention from the perspective of occupation”. Antecedents were “social issues”, “environmental problems in the area”, “decrease of participation opportunities”. Consequences were “elderly can be reassured”, “fairness is guaranteed”, “guarantee of ocupational participation”.【Conclusion】 The result of this study was temporary because the target literature was few and it was biased towards those related to dementia. Further conceptual analysis is neccesary after securing the number of documents related to AFC in the future.

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[in Japanese]

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In the 1960s, the idea of “Need-Adapted Treatment” was born in Finnish mental health care. Until then, at the initial interview in the acute phase in the mental hospital, when the medical condition was urgent, until then, hospitalization and treatment policy were decided without the person, but Alanen and others invited the person and his/her family to the decision making place and dialogue(Dialogue). But this alone reduced the need for hospitalization to 40%. This idea became a national project in 1981. The opening dialogue was born in 1984, so as to be affected. The Open dialogue is a generic term for mental health care, care, and the entire system that has been developed and practiced since the 1980s, centered on Kelopudas Hospital in the West Lapland region of Finland. “Do not decide yourself in a place without yourself” “Dialogism” “Immediate support” “Reflecting” “Disease occurs between people” “Network meeting” “Need-Adapted Treatment” “It will not be one-on-one in the treatment scene” “treating ourselves”, etc. was cherished by keeping close dialogue with the needs of clients and their families. This practice has made remarkable achievements and has gained international attention. For example, in the survey of the country, about 80% of those who received treatment worked or got involved (about 30% in the target group). The open dialogue can be caught from several aspects such as service supply system, dialogue practice, worldview. How can we practice the open dialogue developed in West Lapland on each site in Japan? In this time, we will create a dialogue place to approach the hint.

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