Journal of Japanese Society of Cancer Nursing
Online ISSN : 2189-7565
Print ISSN : 0914-6423
ISSN-L : 0914-6423
Volume 16, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
Original Article
  • Yuka Hamada, Reiko Sato
    2002 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 15-25
    Published: 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to clarify hope expressed by end-stage cancer patients and the state of changes in their hope over time, and to find out nursing interventions that could encourage those patients to have hope as a source of power to live. Details of hope were studied in seven end-stage cancer patients by the participant observation method and interview, and the following results were obtained through qualitative analysis.

    The patients expressed multiple hope in almost the entire study period, and contents of the expressed hope as well as cognition, emotion, and behaviors associated with the hope altered over time. Hope expressed by the end-stage cancer patients was finally summarized into 12 items, including “living as he or she wishes”, “living in a good relationship with family members”, and “connectedness with other individuals”. More, the following11 items were extracted, as the true nature of hope, from the import and substance contained in their hope : 1) maintenance of self independence and freedom, 2) love of family, 3) social self, 4) a way of life, 5) peacefulness, 6) a desire to cure, 7) previous self, 8) existence of self, 9) a tendency toward reliance upon others, 10) religious faith, and 11) self to be lived.

    True nature of hope is thought to be the source of power to live in end-stage cancer patients. Nursing interventions that encourage these patients to have hope as a source of power to live until the last day of life should be aimed at creating an environment that makes the patients build up hope by retaining the true nature of hope, and at supporting and fostering their hope through active involvement in the process of building up the hope.

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  • Masako Inukai, Chikako Kakehashi, Fumiko Yasukata, Kenichi Takai
    2002 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 26-34
    Published: 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to elucidate self-determination acts of patients after disclosure of a diagnosis of cancer. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 27 participants and analyzed qualitatively and inductively. 12 categories of self-determination acts were identified : 1) choice of doctor and hospital, 2) successful communication with medical staff, 3) leaving oneself to professional care, 4) action of resolving questions as to symptoms, clinical examinations, and medical treatment, 5) curiosity about diagnosis and prognosis, 6) autonomous participation in treatment planning and medical treatment, 7) preventive health behavior, 8) self? management of disorder, 9) acts of self? defense, 10) adaptation of environment to life under medical treatment, 11) re? framing, and 12) revealing one's real self. These were classified into 3 core categories : 1) acts concerning medical treatment, 2) acts concerning self-care, and 3) acts concerning well-being. Results revealed that cancer patients make autonomous decision and/or choices regarding their medical treatments and their daily life.

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  • Reiko Makabe
    2002 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 35-45
    Published: 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to assess changes in social support, psychological, and physical states among Japanese women with breast cancer over time. A convenience sample of 60 Japanese women with breast cancer participated in this longitudinal study. Women were recruited from a hospital in a metropolitan area in Japan. Data were collected five times : before (Time I), a few weeks after (Time II), one month after (Time III), six months after (Time IV), and one year after breast surgery (Time V). Two instruments with established reliability and validity were used : the Japanese versions of the General Health Questionnaire to measure psychological states and the Interpersonal Relationship Inventory to measure support and conflict. Data analyses included descriptive statistics and repeated measures analyses.

    The main results were that repeated measures analyses found no significant differences in subjects' support, conflict, or psychological states across time. However, there were significant differences in physical states (F (4,236)=66.06, p<0.0001). Tukey's post hoc analysis identified significant differences in the number of sings and symptoms between Time Ⅰ (M=0.42, SD=0.70) and Time Ⅱ (M=3.08, SD=1.33), between Time Ⅰ and Time Ⅲ (M=3.33, SD=1.56), and between Time Ⅰ and Time Ⅳ (M=3.03, SD=1.59).

    This study suggested that nurses need to consider changes in social support, psychological and physical states as important factors to help Japanese women's adjustment to breast cancer as an ongoing process in their lives before and after breast surgery.

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  • Hiroko Kokufu, Tomoko Inoue
    2002 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 46-55
    Published: 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing patients' decisions for choice of surgery for women with early breast cancer, and to suggest nursing interventions to support the patients' decision-making. The participants of the study were 18 women who were offered a choice between breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview and participant observation, so as to clarify the feelings and ideas of these subjects concerning the treatment options offered. We used qualitative data analyses.

    As a result, out of 19 factors, “high possibility of breast-conserving surgery”, “results of breast cancer treatment”, and “feeling of their dear breast” were recognized as main factors to incline toward breast-conserving surgery, while “risk of the breast-conserving surgery”, “uncertainties of cancer”, and “impact of those around one during hospitalization” were found as main factors for mastectomy. These factors were classified into seven categories of : 1) uncertainties of cancer, 2) trend and results in treatment of breast cancer, 3) criterion of breast-conserving surgery, 4) benefits and risks of mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery, 5) , impact of people's experience and suggestions 6) ambiguous information, and 7) patient's personal background.

    The findings indicated that the following nursing interventions might facilitate the decision-making process, as follows : provision of gradual and correct information to assist patient's understandings, supporting the impact of the risk of each option and breast loss, and supporting to make patients clear on values of the breast and views of life.

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  • Keiko Iino, Hiroko Komatsu
    2002 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 68-78
    Published: 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to search for motivating factors to promote self-care and actual behavior in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

    The subjects were 10 patients and 9 nurses. We performed a content analysis of the motivating factors of self-care behavior in patients, self-care behavior, and the outcome of self-care.

    We extracted the following factors that promoted motivation for self-care in patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer : acquisition of effective information, reinforcement from others, self-reinforcement, not having the situation hidden, having someone to trust, assurance that everyone in the family was working in the same direction, positive self-evaluation of one's situation, confidence based on one's experiences, and awareness that pain can be prevented or alleviated.

    We extracted the following factors for self-care behavior : prevention and treatment of side-effects, adjustments in daily life, gaining strength, change of mood, expression of emotions, ability to handle medical devices, adjustments in work, talking with one's family, searching for needed information, and providing medical personnel with the necessary information.

    We extracted the following factors for self-care behavior in patients who underwent chemotherapy for cancer : ability to make decisions, continuation of treatment, gaining a sense of control, easing of anxiety and easing of pain.

    Among the factors we extracted that are the motivation for self-care behavior were reinforcement and the alleviation of pain, along with acquisition of information.

    A relationship that meets the emotional needs of the patient after he or she is informed of the disease is desirable in order to promote self-care in patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer.

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